Chapter 53 Flashcards
Density (population)
The number of individuals per unit area or volume
Population ecology
The study of population in relation to the environment
Dispersion
The pattern of spacing among individuals within the boundaries of the population
Mark-recapture method
Method used to estimate the size of populations
Immigration
The influx of new individuals from other areas
Emigration
The movement of individuals out of a population
Demography
The study of the vital statistics of populations and how they change over time
Life tables
Age-specific summaries of the survival pattern of a population
Cohort
Group of individuals of the same age
Survivorship curve
Plot of the proportion or numbers in a cohort still alive at each age
Reproductive table
Fertility schedule
Life history
Entails three basic variables: when reproduction begins, how often the organism reproduces, and how many offspring are produced during each reproductive episode
Semelparity
One-shot pattern of big-bang reproduction
Iteroparity
Repeated reproduction
Exponential population growth
The exponential trend of populations
Logistic population growth
Model that shows the per capita rate of increase approaches zero as the carrying capacity is reached
K-selection
Density-dependent selection
R-selection
Density-independent selection
Factors to population decreases
Territory Competition for resources Disease Predation Toxic wastes Intrinsic factors
Intrinsic factors
Physiological factors (as opposed to environmental)
Meta population
When number of local populations are linked
Demographic transition
The movement toward the second figuration
Age structure
The relative number of individuals of each age in a population
Ecological footprint
Concept that summarizes the aggregate land and water area required by each person, city, or nation to produce all the resources it consumes and to absorb all the waste it generates
