Chapter 5.2

Question 1

What is a URL?

Answer 1

another name for a text-based access for a websites

Question 2

What is a Web Browser?

Answer 2

a piece of software that receives and displays web pages

Question 3

What are the 3 main components of the URL?

Answer 3

Protocol
Domain name
file name/web page name

Question 4

What is the Protocol?

Answer 4

a part of the URL that contains a set of rules for transmitting data

Question 5

What is the DNS and what does it stand for?

Answer 5

domain name server, a special server that contains a database of domain names and their corresponding IP address

Question 5

What is the Domain name?

Answer 5

a part of the URL that contains the unique name for the web server

Question 6

state the steps in the process of a computer of requesting and retrieving a web page?

Answer 6

The web browser sends the URL to the DNS,, the DNS checks the URL for the domain name and searches for it and finds the equivalent IP address. If it cannot find the domain name within its database it sends it to the next DNS this will repeat until the domain name is found, or if it is not found a message will be prompt to the user saying that it isn’t found, if it is found the DNS will then send the IP address bac kt othe web browser

Question 7

What is the Web server?

Answer 7

a network component where the web pages for a website are stored

Question 8

What is the hypertext transfer protocol? (HTTP)

Answer 8

a protocol that is used for the transmission of web pages and related data across the internet

Question 9

What is the hypertext markup language? (HTML)

Answer 9

a scripting language that is used to create wep pages

Question 9

Describe the process of when the web browser requests a web page and renders the HTML and CSS.

Answer 9

1 . The web browser uses the IP address to send a request to the web server in order to obtain the data for the webpage

2. Web server send the data, including HTML, CSS and active script to the web browser
3. The web browser then renders the HTML and CSS and runs the active script to display the web page

Question 10

What is the cascading style sheets (CSS)

Answer 10

a scripting language that is used to create a presentation template for a web page. It includes what kind of font and color text will appear on the webpages

Question 10

What is an active script?

Answer 10

is a script that is used to produce any of the interactive elements of a web page

Question 11

What is the difference between HTTP and HTTPS

Answer 11

The HTTPS protocol is the standard HTTP protocol with a layer of security combined

Question 11

What is encryption?

Answer 11

a method of securing data for storage or transmition that scrambles it and makes it meaningless

Question 12

What is a digital certificate?

Answer 12

a certificate that is awarded to a website if they can prove that they are a real organization and take measures to securely transmit their data

Question 13

Who gives out these certificates?

Answer 13

A certificate authority

Question 14

How are additional layers of security created?

Answer 14

1. Web browser asks the web server to send its digital certificate
2. Web server sends its digital certificate to the web browser
3. Web browser authenticated the certificate. If authentic, encrypted data transition

Question 15

What is the SSL?

Answer 15

a type of protocol that encrypts data for transmition, It is the protocol that is combined with HTTP to create HTTPS

Question 16

What is the TLS?

Answer 16

it is the updated version of the SSL protocol