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Patho 49 Developmental Of The Skeletal System > Chapter 50 Dosorders Of Musculoskeletal Function > Flashcards

Chapter 50 Dosorders Of Musculoskeletal Function Flashcards

1
Q

Arthritis

A

. Primary arthritis

  • those affecting body systems in addition to the musculoskeletal system
  • resulting from an immune response

. Secondary arthritis

  • Rheumatoid conditions limited to a single or few diaarthrodial joints
  • Resulting from a degenerative process and the resulting of joint
  • irregularities that occur as bone attempts to remodel itself
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2
Q

Systemic Autoimmune rheumatic disease

A
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • systemic lupus erythematosus
    . Systemic sclerosis/ scleroderma
    . Polymyositis
    . Dermatomyositis
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3
Q

Characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis

A

. Associated with extra- articular as well as articular manifestations

. Usually has an insidious onset marked by systemic manifestations such as fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, and generalization aching and stiffness
. Characterized by exacerbation and remissions
. May involve only a few joints for brief durations, or it may become relentlessly progressive and debilitating

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4
Q

Systemic Autoimmune Rheumatoid disease

A

. A group of chronic disorders characterized by diffuse inflammatory lesions and degenerative in connective tissue
- These disorders share similar clinical features and may affect many of the same organs

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5
Q

Treatment Goals for a person with RA

A

. Reduce pain
. Minimize stiffness and swelling
. Maintain mobility
. Become an informed health care consumer

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6
Q

Criteria for rheumatoid arthritis

A

. Morning stiffness at least 1 hour for at least 6 weeks
. Swelling of three or mor joints for at least 6 weeks
. Swelling of wrist, metacarpophalangeql or proximal interphalangeql joints for 6 or more weeks
. Systemic joint swelling
. Hand roentgenogram changes or typical of RA
. Rheumatoid nodes
. Serum rheumatoid factor

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7
Q

Result of progressive Joint destruction

A

. May lead to subluxation
. Inability to the joint
. Limitations of movement

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8
Q

Symptoms of RA

A

. Fatigue

. Weakness

. Anorexia

. Weight loss

. Low grade fever
. Anemia

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9
Q

Characteristics of systemic Lupus erythematosus

A

. Formation of autoantibodies and immune complex

. B- cell hyperactivity

. Increased production of antibodies against self and non- self antigens

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10
Q

Characteristics of systemic lupus erythematosus

A

. The autoantibodies can directly damage tissues or combine with corresponding antigens to form tissue damaging immune complexes.

- autoantibodies 
. Antinuclear antibodies 
. Other antibodies 
. Platelets 
. Coagulation factors
. Red blood cell surface antigen
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11
Q

Categories of clinical manifestations of SLE

A 
. Constitutional 
. Musculoskeletal 
. Dermatological
. Cardiovascular 
. Pulmonary 
. Renal
. Neuropsychiatric
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12
Q

Systemic sclerosis

A

. Autoimmune disease of connective tissue characterized by excessive collagen deposition in the skin and internal organs
. Diffuse or generalized form
- skin changes involve the trunk end proximal extremities

. Limited or CREST variant
- Hardening of the skin is limited to the hands and face

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13
Q

Manifestations of the CREST syndrome

A 
. Calcinosis 
. Raynaud phenomenon 
. Esophageal dysmobility
. Sclerodactyly
. Telangiectasia
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14
Q

Types of seronegative spondyloarthopathies

A

. Inflammation and involvement of the peripheral joints with an absence of RF

. Ankylosing spondylitis
- Juvenile ankylosing spondylitis
. Reactive arthritis, enteropathic arthritis
. Psoriatic arthritis

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15
Q

Methods of assessing Mobility and detecting sacrolitis

A

. Pressure on the scaroiliac joints with the person who is forward bending

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16
Q

Reuter syndrome

A

. Clinical manifestations of reactive arthritis
. Accompanied by extra- articular symptoms such as uveitis, bowel inflammation, carditis
. Develops in a genetically susceptible host after a bacterial infection due to chlamydia trachomatitis in the genitourinary tract

. Salmonella, shigella, yersinia, or campylobacter in the gastrointestinal tract

17
Q

Subgroups of Psoriatic Arthritis

A

. Oligaarticular or asymmetric (48)

. Spondyloarthropathy (24%)
. Poly articular or symmetric (18%)
. Distal interphalangeal (8%)
. Mutilans ( 2%)

18
Q

Causes of osteoarthritis

A 
. Post inflammatory disease
. Post traumatic disorders 
. Anatomic or bony disorders 
. Metabolic disorders 
. Neuropathic arthritis 
. Hereditary disorders of collagen
. Idiopathic or primary variants
19
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

. Degenerative joint disease
. Primary variants of OA occur as localized or generalized syndromes
.
. Secondary OA has a known underlying cause such as
- congenital or acquired defects of joint structures, trauma, metabolic disorders, inflammatory diseases

20
Q

Osteoarthritis induced joint changes

A 
. Progression 
- A progressive loss of articular cartilage 
. Synovitis
- Osteophytes
. Bone spur

. Manifestations

  • joint pain
  • stiffness
  • limitation of motion
  • joint instability
  • deformity
21
Q

Metabolic and endocrine diseases associated with joint symptoms

A 
. Amyloidosis
. Gout syndrome 
. Osteogenesis imperfects
. Diabetes melittus
. Hyperparathyroidsm
- Thyroid disease
. AIDS
. Hyper mobility syndrome
22
Q

Gout syndrome

A

. Acute gouty arthritis with recurrent attacks of severe articular and periaarticular inflammation

. Tophi or the accumulation of crystalline deposits in articular surfaces, bones, soft tissue, and cartilage
. Gouty nepthropathy or renal impairment
. Uric acid kidney stones

23
Q

Types of gout

A

. Primary Gout

  • designate cases on which the cause of the disorders is unknown or an unborn error metabolism
  • characterized primarily by hyperuricemia and gout

. Secondary gout
- the cause of the hyperuricemia is known but the gout is not the main disorder

24
Q

Objective for treatment of Gout

A

. Termination and prevention of the acute of gouty arthritis

. Correction of hyperuricemia
. Inhibition of further precipitation of sodium urate

. Absorption of urate crystal deposits already in the tissue

25
Q

Juvenile idiopathic Arthritis

A

JIA categories of diseases with three principle types of onset

  1. Systemic onset disease
  2. Pauciarticular arthritis
  3. Polyarticular disease

. Symptoms

  • synovitis
  • stunted growth may occur
  • influence epiphyseal growth by stimulating growth of the affected
26
Q

Juvenile rheumatoid Arthritis

A

. Definition
- chronic disease characterized by synovitis

. Manifestations
- can influence epiphyseal growth by stimulating growth of the affected side

  • generalized stunted growth also may occur
27
Q

Manifestations of children with SLE

A

.Constitutional symptoms
- fever, malaise, anorexia, weight loss

. Symptoms of the integumentary, musculoskeletal, central nervous , cardiac, pulmonary and hematopoietic systems are similar to those of adults
. Endocrine abnormalities include
- crushing syndrome from long term corticosteroids use

  • autoimmune thyroiditis
28
Q

Signs and symptoms of giant cell arteritis

A

. Constitutional symptoms
-malaise, fatigue, fever, weight loss, cough, sore throat

. Polymyalgia rheumatic a syndrome

. Manifestations related to vascular involvement

. Ischemic optic neuropathy

. Claudia ruin of jaw or arm

Patho 49 Developmental Of The Skeletal System (2 decks)

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