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Physical Scince Terms > Chapter 5 Waves > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Waves Flashcards

1
Q

definition of Waves

A

a disturbance or variation that transfers energy progressively from point to point in a medium

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2
Q

mechanical wave definition and example

A

def: a wave that is an oscillation of matter and is responsible for the transfer of energy through a medium.
ex: longitudinal and transverse

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3
Q

definition and example of transverse wave

A

def: a wave vibrating at right angles to the direction of its propagation.
ex: vibrations on a guitar string and the ripples on the ocean

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4
Q

definition and example of longitudinal wave

A

def: waves where the disturbance moves in the same direction as the wave.
ex: sound waves, and ultrasound waves

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5
Q

definition and example of a wave pulse

A

def: a sudden disturbance in which only one wave or a few waves are generated
ex: a pebble dropped into water

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6
Q

definition of crest

A

the highest point in a wave

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7
Q

definition and of trough

A

the lowest point in a wave

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8
Q

definition of wavelength

A

The distance between crest to crest or trough to trough

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9
Q

definition of amplitude

A

distance between the resting position and the maximum displacement of the wave.

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10
Q

definition of frequency

A

the number of waves that pass a fixed point in unit time

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11
Q

definition of period

A

the interval of time it takes for a motion to repeat.

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12
Q

definition and example of superposition

A

the ability of a quantum system to be in multiple states at the same time until it is measured.

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13
Q

definition and example of interference

A

def: the net effect of the combination of two or more wave trains moving on intersecting or coincident paths.
ex: light reflected from a film of oil floating on water.

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14
Q

definition of constructive interference

A

when two waves overlap in such a way that they combine to create a larger wave

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15
Q

definition of destructive interference

A

when two waves overlap in such a way that they cancel each other out.

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16
Q

definition and example of natural frequency

A

def: the frequency or rate that it vibrates naturally when disturbed
ex: tuning fork

17
Q

definition and example of resonance

A

def: a phenomenon that occurs when the matching vibrations of another object increase the amplitude of an object’s oscillations.
ex: a rattle

18
Q

definition of a standing wave

A

A standing wave occurs when two waves of the same frequency and amplitude are moving in opposite directions and interfere with each other.

19
Q

definition of antinode

A

points of maximum displacements (at crests and toughs) from the mean position

20
Q

definition of a node

A

the points that have no displacement from the equilibrium position.

21
Q

definition of reflection

A

when light or sound bounces off of an object

22
Q

definition of ray

A

The light traveling in any one direction in a straight line

23
Q

definition and example of refraction

A

def: the bending of light (it also happens with sound, water, and other waves) as it passes from one transparent substance into another
ex: a straw looking bent when in a glass of water

24
Q

definition of angle in incident

A

The angle between the normal and the ray of light

25
Q

definition of angle of reflection

A

the angle formed between the normal and the reflected ray at the point of incidence

26
Q

definition of angle of refraction

A

the angle between a refracted ray and the normal drawn at the point of incidence to the interface at which refraction occurs.

27
Q

definition of the normal

A

the perpendicular that is drawn to the reflecting surface.

28
Q

definition of diffraction

A

the spreading of waves as they pass through or around an obstacle.

29
Q

definition of acoustics

A

the science concerned with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of sound.

30
Q

definition of reverberation time

A

plays a crucial role in the quality of music and the ability to understand speech in a given space.

31
Q

definition and example of AM

A

def: a process in which the wave signals are transmitted by modulating the amplitude of the signal.
ex: transmitting radio signals to the public

32
Q

definition and example of FM

A

def: frequency modulation, which refers to the means of encoding the audio signal on the carrier frequency.
ex: broadcasting music

Physical Scince Terms (4 decks)

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