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LOM > Chapter 5- Vocabulary > Flashcards

Chapter 5- Vocabulary Flashcards

0
Q

Amino acids

A

Small building blocks of proteins, released when proteins are digested

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1
Q

Absorption

A

Passage of material through the walls of the small intestine into the bloodstream

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2
Q

Amylase

A

Enzyme (-ase) secreted by the pancreas and salivary glands to digest starch (amyl/o)

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3
Q

Anus

A

Terminal end or opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body

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4
Q

Appendix

A

Blind pouch hanging from the cecum (in the right lower quadrant

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5
Q

Bile

A

Digestive juice made in the liver and stored in the gallbladder

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6
Q

Bilirubin

A

Pigment released by the liver in bile

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7
Q

Bowel

A

Intestine

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8
Q

Canine teeth

A

Pointed, dog-like teeth .also called cuspids or eyeteeth

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9
Q

Cecum

A

First part of the large intestine

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10
Q

Colon

A

Portion of the large intestine consisting of the ascending, transverse ,descending and sigmoid segment

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11
Q

Common bile duct

A

Carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum

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12
Q

Defecation

A

Elimination of feces from the digestive tract through the anus

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13
Q

Deglutition

A

Swallowing

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14
Q

Dentin

A

Primary material found in teeth

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15
Q

Digestion

A

Breakdown of complex food to simplex form

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16
Q

Duodenu

A

First part of the small intestine

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17
Q

Elimination

A

Act of removal of material from the body

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18
Q

Emulsification

A

Physical process of braking up large fat globules into smaller globules

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19
Q

Enamel

A

Hard, outermost layer of a tooth

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20
Q

Enzyme

A

Chemical that speeds up a reaction between substance

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21
Q

Esophagus

A

Tube connecting the throat to the stomach. Eso-means inward; phag/o means swallowing.

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22
Q

Fatty acids

A

Substances produce when fats are digested. Fatty acids are a category of lipids

23
Q

Feces

A

Solid wastes

24
Q

Gallbladder

A

Small sac under the liver

25
Q

Glycogen

A

Starch; glucose is store in the form of glycogen in liver cells

26
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

Substance produce by the stomach

27
Q

ileum

A

Third part of the small intestine, meaning twisted

28
Q

Incisor

A

Any one of four front teeth in the dental arch

29
Q

Insulin

A

Hormone produce by the endocrine cells of the pancreas

30
Q

Jejunum

A

Second part of the small intestine

31
Q

Lipase

A

Pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fats

32
Q

Liver

A

Large organ located in RUQ of the abdomen

33
Q

Lower esophageal

A

Ring of muscle between the esophagus and the stomach, also called cardiac sphincter

34
Q

Mastication

A

Chewing

35
Q

Molar teeth

A

Sixth, seventh and eighth teeth from the middle of either side of the dental arch

36
Q

Palate

A

Roof of the mouth

37
Q

Pancreas

A

Organ under the stomach

38
Q

Papillae (singular; papilla)

A

Small elevation on the tongue

39
Q

Parotid gland

A

Salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear

40
Q

Peristalsis

A

Rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs. In the gastrointestinal tract

41
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat , the common passageway for food from the intestines

42
Q

Protease

A

Enzyme the digests protein

43
Q

Pulp

A

Soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and blood vessels

44
Q

Pyloric sphincter

A

Ring of muscle at the end of the stomach , near the duodenum

45
Q

Pylorus

A

Distal region of the stomach

46
Q

Rectum

A

Last section of the intestine, connecting the end colon and the anus

47
Q

Rugae

A

Ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach

48
Q

Saliva

A

Digestive juice produced by salivary glands

49
Q

Salivary glands

A

Parotid, sublingual ,and submandibular glands

50
Q

Sigmoid colon

A

Fourth and last , S-shape segment of the colon ,just before the rectum

51
Q

Sphincter

A

circular ring of muscles that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening

52
Q

Stomach

A

Muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus

53
Q

Triglycerides

A

Fat molecules composed of three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol

54
Q

Uvula

A

Soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate

55
Q

Villi

A

Microscopic projection in the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the blood stream

LOM (16 decks)

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