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Physics Vocab - Chapter 5 > Chapter 5 VOCAB > Flashcards

Chapter 5 VOCAB Flashcards

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1
Q

The wraparound of the spectral or color Doppler display that occurs when the frequency shift exceeds the Nyquist limit; only occurs with pulsed-wave Doppler

A

Aliasing

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2
Q

The tool used to inform the machine what the flow angle is so that velocities can be accurately calculated

A

Angle correction

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3
Q

The color Doppler processing technique that assesses pixels as stationary or in motion

A

Autocorrelation

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4
Q

The operator adjustable dividing line between positive frequency shifts and negative frequency shifts on spectral and color Doppler

A

Baseline

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5
Q

The principle that describes the inverse relationship between velocity and pressure

A

Bernoulli’s principle

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6
Q

The Doppler device that can detect positive and negative Doppler shifts

A

Bidirectional Doppler

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7
Q

The term describing the intensity or luminance of the color Doppler display

A

Brightness

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8
Q

Doppler shift information presented as color(hue) superimposed over the grayscale image

A

Color Doppler imaging

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9
Q

The setting for color Doppler that allows the operator to select frequency shift threshold; it determines whether color pixels should be displayed preferentially over grayscale pixels

A

Color priority

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10
Q

The equation that describes the change in velocity as the area changes in order to maintain the volume of blood flow

A

Continuity Equation

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11
Q

Doppler device that uses continuous-wave ultrasound transmission; a device that consists of two elements, one element is used by the system to constantly transmit sound and the other is used to constantly receive sound

A

Continuous-wave Doppler

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12
Q

The change in the frequency of the received signal related to the motion of the reflector

A

Doppler effect

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13
Q

The equation that explains the relationship of the Doppler frequency shift (FD) to the frequency of the transducer (f), the velocity of the blood (n), the angle of the blood (cos •0), and the propagation speed (c)

A

Doppler equation

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14
Q

Real-time two-dimensional imaging combined with the spectral Doppler display

A

Duplex

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15
Q

The number of pulses per scan line in color Doppler; also referred to as packet size

A

Ensemble length

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16
Q

A mathematical process used for analyzing and processing the Doppler signal to produce the spectral waveform

A

Fast Fourier Transform

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17
Q

The volume of blood per unit time; typically measured in liter per minute (L/m) or milliliter per second (mL/s); represented by the Q symbol

A

Flow

18
Q

The study of blood flow through the blood vessels of the body

A

Hemodynamics

19
Q

A term used to describe displayed colors (ex. Red, green, blue)

A

Hue

20
Q

Describes the relationship between gravity, density of the blood, and distance between an arbitrary reference point

A

Hydrostatic pressure

21
Q

The flow profile represented by blood that travels in nonmixing layers of different velocities

A

Laminar flow

22
Q

The brightness of the color Doppler image

A

Luminance

23
Q

The maximum frequency shift sampled without aliasing; equal to one half the PRF

A

Nyquist limit

24
Q

The component of the Doppler device that determines positive opposed to negative frequency shifts and, therefore, direction of blood flow

A

Phase quadrature

25
Q

The flow profile represented by blood typically flowing at the same velocity

A

Plug flow

26
Q

The law that describes the relationship of resistance, pressure and flow

A

Poiseuille’s law

27
Q

Doppler mode in which the signal is determined by the amplitude (strength) of the shift, not the shift itself; amplitude is directly proportional to the number of red blood cells; also referred to as amplitude Doppler

A

Power Doppler

28
Q

The difference between pressures at two points of a blood vessel

A

Pressure gradient

29
Q

Blood that flows in a pattern representative of the beating heart; with increases and decreases in pressure and blood flow velocity

A

Pulsatility

30
Q

The number of pulses of sound produced in 1 second

A

PRF

31
Q

The Doppler technique that uses pulses of sound to obtain Doppler signals from a user specified depth

A

Pulsed-wave Doppler

32
Q

The gate placed by the operator in the region where Doppler sampling is desired; used with pulsed-wave Doppler

A

Range gate

33
Q

The downstream impedance to flow; determined by vessel length, radius and viscosity of blood

A

Resistance

34
Q

The area within the range gate where the Doppler signals are obtained

A

Sample volume

35
Q

The amount of white added to the hue; the more white there is the less saturated the color

A

Saturation

36
Q

The filing of the spectral window

A

Spectral broadening

37
Q

Pathologic narrowing of a blood vessel

A

Stenosis

38
Q

Chaotic; disorderly flow of blood

A

Turbulent flow

39
Q

The color Doppler scale with mean velocities displayed vertically on the scale and turbulence displayed horizontally

A

Variance mode

40
Q

The operator control that eliminates low frequency, high-amplitude signals caused by wall or valve motion; also called high-pass filter

A

Wall filter

Physics Vocab - Chapter 5 (1 decks)

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