Chapter 5 - Tissues Flashcards
What is differentiation
Differentiation of cells is the process by which specialised cells develop special characteristics or suit particular functions.
What are cells
Cells are the smallest structures and functions units of an organism
What are tissues
A tissue is a structure made up of groups of cells that are Ismaili in structure and function
What are organs
Organs are structures made up of different types of tissues working together
What is a system
A group of organs that work together for a common function
What is an organism?
A living thing, with different body systems all integrated
What are the four types of tissue
- muscular; Muscle tissue is composed of cells that have the special ability to shorten or contract in order to produce movement of the body parts. The tissue is highly cellular and is well supplied with blood vessels.
- connective; tissue that connects, supports, binds, or separates other tissues or organs, typically having relatively few cells embedded in an amorphous matrix, often with collagen or other fibres, and including cartilaginous, fatty, and elastic tissues.
- epithelial; Epithelial tissues are widespread throughout the body. They form the covering of all body surfaces, line body cavities and hollow organs, and are the major tissue in glands
- nervous; Nervous tissue is found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities. … The cells in nervous tissue that generate and conduct impulses are called neurons or nerve cells. These cells have three principal parts: the dendrites, the cell body, and one axon.
What are the different types of epithelial tissue
- simple squamous
- cuboidal
- columnar
- stratified
- glandular
Where is simple squamous epithelial tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Simple squamous epithelial tissue
Found: lining of blood vessels, heart and lungs
Structure;
- Has smooth surface
- Allows easy passages of materials
- only one cell thick
Where is cuboidal epithelial tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
cuboidal epithelial tissue
Found: glands, kidney, tubules and covers ovaries
Structure;
- secretory or lining tissue
- Cubed / cubical shape
Where is columnar epithelial tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Columnar epithelial tissue
Found: line digestive system, nasal cavity trachea and bronchi
Structure;
- secretion and absorption
- column showed with cilia
Where is stratified epithelial tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Stratified epithelial tissue
Found: skin, mouth, oesophagus, vagina passage way
Structure;
- protective layer in places which are subject to friction
- layers of different cells
Where is glandular epithelial tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Glandular epithelial tissue
Found: endocrine and endocrine system such as glands
Structure;
-produces secretions, Eg hormones, enzymes and sweat
What are the different types of connective tissue?
Loose Dense Cartilage Bone Blood
What is special about connective tissue
They are cells with a matrix
A matrix is a non cellular material between the cells of a tissue
Where is Loose Connective tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Loose connective tissue
Found: mucus membranes, mouth, nose, around muscles and blood vessels
Structure;
- supports parts of body
- hold and connects tissues together
- few cells with many fibres in a semi fluid matrix
Where is Dense Connective tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Dense connective tissue
Found: tendons and ligaments
Structure;
- holds parts together with great strength
- between bones and muscles
- densely packed fibres with few cells
Where is Cartilage Connective tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Cartilage connective tissue
Found; Skelton of embryo, joints, trachea, noise and outer ear
Structure and function;
- provides support with flexibility
- widely spread cells in from but flexible matrix
Where is Bone Connective tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Bone Connective tissue
Found ; skeleton
Structure and function;
- support and keeps the Body strong
- cells held in hard matrix
Where is Blood Connective tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Blood connective tissue
Found; fills heart and blood vessels
Structure and function;
- transports materials around the body
- glucoses, oxygen, carbon dioxide and wastes
- cells are in a fluid matrix called plasma
What are the different types of muscular tissue?
- skeletal (voluntary stratified)
- smooth (involuntary non stratified)
- cardiac (smooth involuntary stratified)
Where is Skeletal Muscle tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Skeletal voluntary stratified muscle tissue
Found; attached to skeleton
Structure and function;
- movement of bone
- long striated fibres
Where is Smooth Muscle tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Smooth involuntary non-striated muscle tissue
Found; walls of blood vessel, digestive system, bladder and uterus
Structure and function;
- movement of internal organs
- tapered cells
Where is cardiac muscle tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Cardiac smooth involuntary striated muscle
Found; walls of heart
Structure and function
- rhythmic contractions
- branching striated fibre with inter-collated discs
Where is Nervous tissue found, structure, function, control and diagram
Nervous tissue
Found; brain, spine and nervous chord
Structure and function;
- transmission of nerve impulses
- cells with cell body and axon
Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue is a type of connective tissue
Found under the skin throughout the body and vital organs
It is an energy reserve
Protection
And heat insulation
Cells with large vacuole of fat
Study diagrams of epithelial
Look and check
Study muscle tissue diagram
Look and check
Study neurone diagram
L and C
Study connective tissue diagrams
L and C
