Chapter 5 Thermal Energy and Heat Vocab

Question 0

Celsius Scale

Answer 0

The temperature scale on which water freezes at 0°C and boils at 100°C.

Question 1

Fahrenheit Scale

Answer 1

The temperature scale on which water freezes at 32°F and boils at 212°F.

Question 2

Kelvin Scale

Answer 2

The temperature scale on which zero is the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter.

Question 3

Absolute Zero

Answer 3

The temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter.

Question 4

Temperature

Answer 4

The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance.

Question 5

Heat

Answer 5

The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object.

Question 6

Convection

Answer 6

The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of a fluid.

Question 7

Convection Current

Answer 7

The movement of a fluid, caused by differences in temperature, that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another.

Question 8

Radiation

Answer 8

The transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic waves.

Question 9

Conduction

Answer 9

1. The transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another. 2. A method of charging an object by allowing electrons to flow from one object to another object through direct contact.

Question 10

Conductor

Answer 10

1. A material that conducts heat well. 2. A material that allows electric charges to flow.

Question 11

Insulator

Answer 11

1. A material that does not conduct heat well. 2. A material that does not easily allow electric charges to flow.

Question 12

Specific Heat

Answer 12

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a material by 1 kelvin, which is equivalent to 1°C.

Question 13

Thermal Expansion

Answer 13

The expansion of matter when it is heated.

Question 14

Electric Force

Answer 14

The force between charged objects.

Question 15

Electric Field

Answer 15

The region around a charged object where the object’s electric force is exerted on other charged objects.

Question 16

Static Electricity

Answer 16

A buildup of charges on an object.

Question 17

Conservation of Charge

Answer 17

The law that states that charges are neither created nor destroyed.

Question 18

Fiction

Answer 18

1. The force that two surfaces exert on each other when they rub against each other. 2. The transfer of electrons from one uncharged object to another uncharged object by rubbing.

Question 19

Conduction

Answer 19

1. The transfer of thermal energy from one particle of matter to another. 2. A method of charging an object by allowing electrons to flow from one object to another object through direct contact.

Question 20

Induction

Answer 20

A method of redistributing the charge on an object by means of the electric field of another object; the objects have no direct contact.

Question 21

Polarization

Answer 21

The process through which electrons are attracted to or repelled by an external electric field, causing the electrons to move within their own atoms.

Question 22

Static Discharge

Answer 22

The loss of static electricity as electric charges transfer from one object to another.