Chapter 5 Test

Question 0

Process by which a cell divides its nucleus and contents

Answer 0

Mitosis

Question 1

Pattern of growth, DNA replication, and cell division that occurs in a eukaryotic cell

Answer 1

Cell cycle

Question 2

Process by which the cell cytoplasm divides

Answer 2

Cytokinesis

Question 3

Long, continuos thread of DNA that consists of numerous genes and regulatory information

Answer 3

Chromosome

Question 4

Protein that organizes chromosomes and around which DNA wraps

Answer 4

Histone

Question 5

Loose combination of DNA and proteins that is present during interphase

Answer 5

Chromatin

Question 6

One half of duplicated chromosome

Answer 6

Chromatid

Question 7

Region of condensed chromosome that looks pinched; where spindle fibers attach during meiosis and mitosis

Answer 7

Centromere

Question 8

Repeating nucleotide at ends of DNA molecules that do not form genes and help prevent the loss of genes

Answer 8

Telomere

Question 9

First phase of mitosis when chromatin condenses, the nuclear envelope breaks down the nucleus disappears, and the centrosomes and centrioles migrate to opposite sides of the cell

Answer 9

Prophase

Question 10

Second phase of mitosis when spindle fibers align the chromosomes along the cell equator

Answer 10

Metaphase

Question 11

Third phase of mitosis during which chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite sides of the cell

Answer 11

Anaphase

Question 12

Last phase of mitosis when a complete set of identical chromosomes is positioned at each pole of the cell, the nuclear membranes start to form,the chromosomes begin to uncoil, and the spindle fibers disassembled

Answer 12

Telophase

Question 13

Broad group of proteins that simulate cell division

Answer 13

Growth factor

Question 14

Programmed cell death

Answer 14

Apoptosis

Question 15

Common name for a class disease characterized by uncontrolled cell division

Answer 15

Cancer

Question 16

Having no dangerous effect on health, especially referring to an abnormal growth of cells

Answer 16

Benign

Question 17

Cancerous tumor in which cells break away and spread to other parts of the body, causing harm to the organisms health

Answer 17

Malignant

Question 18

To spread by transferring a disease-causing agent from to other parts of the body

Answer 18

Metastasize

Question 19

Substance that produces or promotes the development of cancer

Answer 19

Carcinogen

Question 20

Process by which offspring are produced from a single parent; does not involve the joining of gametes

Answer 20

Asexual reproduction

Question 21

Asexual reproduction in which a cell divides into two parts

Answer 21

Binary fission

Question 22

Group of cells that work together to preform a similar function

Answer 22

Tissue

Question 23

Group of different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or related function

Answer 23

Organ

Question 24

Two or more organs work in a coordinated way to carry out similar functions

Answer 24

Organ system

Question 25

Process by which unspecialized cells develop into their mature form and function

Answer 25

Cell differentiation

Question 26

Cell that can divide for long periods of time while remaining undifferentiated

Answer 26

Stem cell