Chapter 5 - Syntax Flashcards
Syntax
A component of metal grammar that deals with constructing phrasal expressions out of smaller expressions.
Linguistic Expressions
A piece of language with a form, a meaning, and syntactic properties.
Principle of Compasionality
The notion that the meaning of a phrasal expression is predictable from the meanings of the expressions it contains and how they were syntactically combined.
Phrasal Expressions
A linguistic expression that results from syntactic combination of smaller expressions.
Phrasal Expressions
A linguistic expression that results from syntactic combination of smaller expressions.
Syntactic Properties
Properties of linguistic expressions that indicate how they can syntactically combine with other expressions, namely, word order, and co-occurrence properties.
Word Order
The linear order in which words can occur in some phrasal expression. Also, the set of syntactic properties pf expression that dictates how they can be ordered with respect to other expressions.
Co-occurrence
The set of syntactic properties that determines which expressions may or have to co-occur with some other expressions in a sentence.
Syntactic Constituent
A group of linguistic expressions that function as a syntactic unit within some larger expression; the smaller expressions out of which some larger phrasal expression was constructed in accordance with the phrase structure rules.
Complements
A non-subject argument of some expression.
Adjuncts
A linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional; also called modifier.
Agreement
The phenomenon by which certain expressions in a sentence must be inflectionally marked for the same person, number, gender, etc.
Morpho-Syntax
The name for syntax and morphology considered jointly as a single component of grammar.
Transitive Verbs
Syntactic category that
Cleft
A type of sentence that has the general form It is/was X that Y, ex, It was Sally that I wanted to meet. Can be used as a constituency test.