Chapter 5 study guide

Question 1

Trojan War

Answer 1

waged against the city of Troy by the Greeks after Paris of Troy took Helen from her husband Menelaus, king of Sparta.

Question 2

Homer

Answer 2

Author of the lliad

Question 3

Epic

Answer 3

a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the history of a nation.

Question 4

Myth

Answer 4

a traditional story, especially one concerning the early history of a people or explaining some natural or social phenomenon, and typically involving supernatural beings or events.

Question 5

Polis

Answer 5

a city state in ancient Greece, especially as considered in its ideal form for philosophical purposes.

Question 6

Acropolis

Answer 6

a citadel or fortified part of an ancient Greek city, typically built on a hill.

Question 7

Monarchy

Answer 7

a form of government with a monarch at the head.

Question 8

Aristocracy

Answer 8

the highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices.

Question 9

Oligrachy

Answer 9

a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.

Question 10

Tyrant

Answer 10

a cruel and oppressive ruler.

Question 11

Demodcracy

Answer 11

a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.

Question 12

Helot

Answer 12

a member of a class of serfs in ancient Sparta, intermediate in status between slaves and citizens.

Question 13

Phalanx

Answer 13

a body of troops or police officers, standing or moving in close formation.

Question 14

Persian War

Answer 14

a series of wars fought by Greek states and Persia over a period of almost half a century.

Question 15

Direct Democracy

Answer 15

is a form of democracy in which people decide

Question 16

Tragedy

Answer 16

Greek tragedy was a popular and influential form of drama performed in theatres across ancient Greece from the late 6th century BCE.

Question 17

Comedy

Answer 17

one of the final three principal dramatic forms in the theatre of classical Greece

Question 18

Peloponnesian War

Answer 18

an ancient Greek war fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta.

Question 19

Philosopher

Answer 19

a person engaged or learned in philosophy, especially as an academic discipline.

Question 20

Socrates

Answer 20

a classical Greek philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy

Question 21

Plato

Answer 21

philosopher mathematician in Classical Greece, and the founder of the Academy in Athens

Question 22

Aristotle

Answer 22

a Greek philosopher and scientist born in the Macedonian city of Stagira

Question 23

Philip the second

Answer 23

King of Spain from 1556 and of Portugal from 1581.

Question 24

Macedonia

Answer 24

part of Northern Greece, together with Thrace and sometimes Thessaly and Epirus.

Question 25

Classical art

Answer 25

It is the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Some people like classical art so much that they compare every other style of art to it. The ancient Greeks excelled in painting, sculpture, and architecture

Question 26

Alexander the great

Answer 26

King of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty, an ancient Greek royal house.

Question 27

Darius the third

Answer 27

originally named Artashata and called Codomannus by the Greeks, was the last king of the Achaemenid Empire of Persia from 336 BC to 330 BC

Question 28

Hellenisic

Answer 28

language, and culture from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony by Octavian in 31 BC

Question 29

Alexandria

Answer 29

the city that alexander the great found

Question 30

Euclid

Answer 30

Greek mathematician, often referred to as the “Father of Geometry”.

Question 31

Archimedes

Answer 31

Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer

Question 32

Colossus of Rhodes

Answer 32

a statue of the Greek titan-god of the sun Helios, erected in the city of Rhodes, on the Greek island of the same name, by Chares of Lindos in 280 BC