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8th Grade American History Qtr1 > Chapter 5 Study Guide > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

Declaration of Independence

A

Limit Government Power & Protect Individual Rights

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2
Q

Revolutionary War

A

War between US & Great Britain

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3
Q

Age of Reason

A

Enlightenment

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4
Q

Magna Carta

A

King follows same laws as the people

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5
Q

John Locke

A

Pioneered ideas of natural law & social contract

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6
Q

Idea of Equality & Liberty

A

Natural Rights

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7
Q

Social Contract

A

Contract that exists between political ruler and the people they ruled

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8
Q

Baron de Montesquieu

A

Idea of Separation of Power

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9
Q

Government w/ multiple parts that have their own rights, powers & privileges

A

Separation of Power

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10
Q

Examples of Early Self Government

A

Virginia House of Burgesses
Mayflower Compact
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

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11
Q

Example of American Model of Self Government - Constitution

A

House of Burgesses

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12
Q

State Constitution

A

Designed to keep leaders from gaining too much power; created limited government

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13
Q

Formed in 1639; Stated powers & limits of government

A

Fundamental Order of Connecticut

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14
Q

Right to Vote

A

Suffrage

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15
Q

1st Central Government in US

A

Articles of Confederation

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16
Q

Type of government where states have more power than central government

A

Confederation

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17
Q

Limited government power to protect the liberties of the people

A

Weakness of the Articles of Confederation

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18
Q

Congress became single branch of national government; ended the war

A

Strength of Articles of Confederation

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19
Q

Official Approval

A

Ratify

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20
Q

Northwest Territory

A

Areas compiled of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Minnesota & Wisconsin

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21
Q

Land Ordinance of 1785

A

System Surveying & Dividing Western Lands

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22
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Legislation passed by congress to establish political structure for the northwest territory & system for admission for new states

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23
Q

Example of Trade/Economic Problem

A

Debt & Inflation - money printed by each state

24
Q

Taxes on Imported Goods

A

Tariffs

25
Q

Trade between 2 or more States

A

Commerce

26
Q

Inflation

A

Increased prices for good and services combined with the reduced value of money

27
Q

Depression

A

Period of low economic activity combined with rise in unemployment

28
Q

Shays Rebellion

A

Farmer revolt to protest high taxes and debt

29
Q

Independence Hall/ Constitutional Convention

A

Location where the convention was held in Philadelphia to approve Articles of Confederation

30
Q

Delegate that served in state legislature and congress

A

James Madison

31
Q

Invented lightning rod & helped draft declaration of independence

A

Benjamin Franklin

32
Q

Revolutionary War Hero & 1st President

A

George Washington

33
Q

Opposed a stronger central government

A

Patrick Henry

34
Q

Who did not attend the Convention?

A

John Adams
Thomas Jefferson
Patrick Henry

35
Q

Proposed a new federal constitution to give sovereignty or supreme power to central government

A

Edmund Randolph

36
Q

Majority Rule

A

Popular Sovereignty

37
Q

Bi-Cameral

A

2 House of Legislative Branch

38
Q

Proportional Representation

A

Allowed larger states to receive more say bc they had more people

39
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

One House (unicameral) Legislature; provides each state an equal number of votes for equal voice in government

40
Q

Authored New Jersey Plan

A

William Patterson

41
Q

Equal Representation

A

Equal Votes/Power

42
Q

Great Compromise

A

Creation of bicameral legislature with one house based on population and the other based on equality

43
Q

Signed Constitution

A

Roger Sherman

44
Q

3/5 Compromise

A

Agreement that counted only 3 of every 5 salves toward the state’s population

45
Q

Government to tax imports but not exports to help compete with England

A

Commerce Compromise

46
Q

Federalism

A

Sharing of power between the central government and its states

47
Q

Supremacy Clause

A

Every state must obey the authority of the national/ federal government

48
Q

Makes Laws

A

Legislative Branch

49
Q

Enforces Laws

A

Executive Branch

50
Q

Judicial Branch

A

Interprets Law

51
Q

Federalist

A

Support Constitution;
Alexander Hamilton
James Madison
John Jay

52
Q

Anti Federalist

A

Oppose Constitution;
George Mason bc there was no guarantee for individual rights

53
Q

Federalist Papers

A

Essays to support the constitution

54
Q

Propoganda

A

Biased material to help or harm a cause

55
Q

Higher Law

A

No law can be enforced unless it conforms with moral principles

56
Q

Bill of Rights

A

1st 10 amendments to consitution

8th Grade American History Qtr1 (1 decks)

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