Chapter 5: States of Matter

Question 1

Ideal Gas

Answer 1

is a model of the way that gas particles (atoms or molecules) behave at teh atomic/molectural level.

Question 2

What does the ideal gas measure?

Answer 2

temp, volume, pressure and mass

PV=nRT

Question 3

Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gas

Answer 3

1) gases are made up of timy atoms or molecules taht are in constant, random, motion. The particles are moving linearly
2) The distance of seperation among these atoms or molecules is very large4 in comparison to the size of the individual atoms or molecules. In another words, a gas is mostly empty space.
3) All of the atoms and molecules behave independently. No attractive or repulsive forces exist between the atoms or molecules in a gas.
4) Atoms and molecules collide with each other and with teh walls of teh container without losing energy. The energy is transfered from one atom or molecule to anotehr. These collisions cause random changes in direction.
5) The average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules increase or decreases in proportion to absolute temperature. As the temperature increases the spped of the kinetic energy of the atoms or molecures increase.

Question 4

Propers of gas:

Answer 4

• easily compressible
• will expand to fill any available volume because they move freely with sufficent energy to overcome their attractive forces
• have low density
• exert pressure on their containers
• behave ideally at low pressures and high temperatures

Question 5

why do gasses behave ideally at low pressures and high temperatures?

Answer 5

at low pressures the average distance of seperation among atoms or molecules is the greatest.

at high temperatures the atoms and molecules are in rapid motion and are able to overcome interactive forces more easily.

Question 6

What is Boyle’s Law?

What is the formula?

Answer 6

volume of a gas varies inversely with the pressure exerted by the gas if the number of mol and temperature of gas are held constant

if the pressure increases, the volume decreases; it doesnt matter how it starts or how it ends it will always be the same.

PV=K1 or P1V1=P2V2

Question 7

What is Charles’s Law?

What is the formula?

Answer 7

The volume of teh gas varies directly with the absolute temperature (K) if pressure and number of moles of gas are constant.

**pressure and number of moles must remain the same!
relationship between gas volume and temperature.
**If pressure goes up, then the volume goes up
V/T=K2

Question 8

combined gas law

Answer 8

s