chapter 5 - social interaction

Question 1

organizations

Answer 1

collectivities characterized by structure that encourages patterns in individual action

Question 2

ascribed status

Answer 2

a social position imposed on a person at birth related to a characteristic impossible or extremely difficult to change

Question 3

achieved status

Answer 3

a social position that a person acquires through their efforts and choices

Question 4

master status

Answer 4

a social position that a person considers central to their social identity

Question 5

role-playing

Answer 5

conforming to existing performance expectations

Question 6

role-making

Answer 6

the creative process by which individuals generate role expectations and performances

Question 7

social interaction

Answer 7

the process by which role performers act in relation to others

Question 8

instrumental communication

Answer 8

sending messages that are a means to an end

Question 9

expressive communication

Answer 9

sending messages that are ends in themselves

Question 10

mediated interaction

Answer 10

communication that uses technologies to send and receive messages

Question 11

technological determinism

Answer 11

the idea that the adoption of technologies leads to inevitable and sometimes undesirable effects

Question 12

emotion management

Answer 12

people obeying “feeling rules” and responding appropriately to the situations in which they find themselves

Question 13

emotion labour

Answer 13

emotion management that many people do as part of their job and for which they are paid

Question 14

power

Answer 14

the capacity to carry out one’s will despite resistance

Question 15

domination

Answer 15

a mode of interaction in which nearly all power is concentrated in the hands of people of high status. fear is the dominant emotion in systems of interaction based on domination.

Question 16

cooperation

Answer 16

a basis for social interaction in which power is more or less equally distributed between people of different status. the dominant emotion in cooperative interaction is trust.

Question 17

competition

Answer 17

a mode of interaction in which power is unequally distributed but the degree of inequality is less than in systems of domination. envy is an important emotion in competitive interactions.

Question 18

dramaturgical analysis

Answer 18

the view of social interaction as a sort of play in which people present themselves so that they appear in the best possible light

Question 19

role distancing

Answer 19

giving the impression that we are just “going through motions” but actually lack serious commitment to a role

Question 20

ethnomethodology

Answer 20

the study of how people make sense of what others do and say by adhering to pre-existing norms

Question 21

breaching experiments

Answer 21

experiments that illustrate the importance of everyday, ritualistic interactions by disrupting interaction patterns

Question 22

status cues

Answer 22

visual indicators of a person’s social position

Question 23

stereotypes

Answer 23

rigid views of how members of various groups act, regardless of whether individual group members really behave that way