Chapter 5: Skeletal System Flashcards
What are needlelike pieces inside the spongy bone called?
TRABECULAE
What are the cavities where osteocytes are found?
LACUNAE
What are the circles where lacunae are arranged around haversian canals?
LAMELLAE
What is the structural and functional unit of compact bone?
OSTEON (HAVERSIAN SYSTEM)
What is the transportation system that connects all the bone cells to the nutrient supply and waste removal services?
CANALICULI
What is the communication pathway from the outside of the bone to its interior?
VOLKMANN’S CANALS
What is deposited in the matrix and gives the bone its hardness, which resists compression?
CALCIUM SALTS
What provides for bones flexibility and grade tensile strength?
COLLAGEN FIBERS
What are the 8 microscopic anatomy?
- Trabeculae
- Lacunae
- Lamellae
- Osteon (Haversian system)
- Canaliculi
- Volkmann’s Canals
- Calcium Salts
- Collagen Fibers
Identify the 15 bone markings
- Tuberosity
- Trochanter
- Tubercle
- Spine
- process
- Condyle
- Epicondyle
- Fossa
- Sulcus
- Notch
- Foramen
- Canal
- Meatus
- Fissure
- Sinus
6 common types of fractures
Cumminuted
Compression
Depressed
Impacted
Spiral
Greenstick
Bone is broken into three or more pieces from high-impact trauma such as car accidents or severe falls
COMMINUTED FRACTURE
What are the common bones affected in the comminuted fracture?
Long bones (femur, tibia, and humerus)
Symptoms and treatment of comminuted fracture
symptoms: severe pain, swelling, bruising, and inability to move the affected area
treatment: surgery (internal fixation), physical therapy after healing
crushed or compressed, often seen in the vertebrae which causes osteoporosis, falls, or heavy lifting
COMPRESSION FRACTURE
