Chapter 5 - Risk and Returns Flashcards
Real Rate of Interest
(1+nominal/1+inflation)-1
Periodic Yeild
(Current price-nominal)/Current Price
Annualised Yeild
Periodic Yield/(365/period to repayment)
Works out what you would earn over year. Works with bills and paper
Simple Yeild
Coupon/price
Real Yeild
Nominal-inflation
Index linked adjustment
Coupon=Coupon*(New RPI/Old RPI)
Future value
Present value * (1+R)n
FV=PV*1+Rn
PV=FV/1+Rn
1+Rn=FV/PV
Annuity (simple)
(Cashflow/1+R) + (Cashflow/1+R2) + (Cashflow/1+R3)
Annuity formula
Present Value=Cashflow/0.R*(1-(1/(1+Rn)))
Annuity formula Plus (bond value)
Present Value=Cashflow/0.R*(1-(1/(1+Rn)))+(CAP/1+Rn)
Irredeemables
PV=Coupon/(1+r)
Flat yield/Income yield/Simple yield
FY=(Coupon/Market Price)*100
GRY (Japanese Method)
FY+((Profit or Loss at redemption/remaining years)/Market Price)
Interpolation
Annuity formula plus (for a discount value higher and lower than the Japanese method approximates). Then calculate the spread between the two.
(Ans 1/spread)*percentage between spreads + discount.
GEY
Gross equivalent yield=(Net redemption yield/(0.8 or 0.6 or 0.55))*100
Geometric Mean
(1+r1+r1+r)-1 (Used to find CdV Performance)
Macaulay Duration
(Present Value of Cash flow * time to cash flow)/Bonds price
Basically calculate the bonds price using annuity plus, the go pack an multiply each cash flow by the years to maturity and add them all up. Divide by bonds price.
Where present value of flows = Coupons*1+Rn’s
So 10/1.= 9.26 * 1 year = 9.26
Modified Duration
Macaulay Duration/1+R
Bid-to-Cover Ratio
Bids received/Bids accepted