Chapter 5 Reproductive Behavior

Question 1

What does non-seasonal breeders mean?

Answer 1

Dogs are non-season breeders, they may come into heat and become pregnant at any time in the year.

Question 2

How many estrus cycles is most common for a female dog to have in a year?

Answer 2

Females may have from 1-4 estrous cycles per year, with two being the most common.

Question 3

Define Courtship

Answer 3

求愛期 Courtship is the ritualized behaviour that surrounds the act of mating, when female enters estrous the play behaviour will stop and she will allow the male to mount.

Question 4

How could aggression and submissive behavior affect breeding in both male and female
dogs?

Answer 4

-aggressive, dominant female may not allow shy or submissive male to breed her
-aggressive, domiant male may not be able to breed extremely shy or submissive female, as she’ll roll over

Question 5

True or false. The presence of a less dominant male may inhibit copulation by a
dominant male.

Answer 5

-False, The presence of a dominant male may inhibit copulation by a less
dominant male.

Question 6

How could the environment affect breeding?

Answer 6

A male may refuse to breed in a strange environment

Question 7

True or false. Lack of socialization at an early age can result in dogs that are unable to
perform sexually.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

True or false. Females should have one litter to make them more emotionally stable

Answer 8

False

Question 9

True or false. Any frightening stimuli may inhibit erection in a male.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

True or false. Females should go through at least one heat cycle before spaying

Answer 10

False

Question 11

True or false. Males are more emotionally stable if they have a sexual experience before
neutering.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

True or false. Research is showing some medical benefits of delaying desexing, particularly in larger breeds.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Does castration affect the animals intelligence or ability to work?

Answer 13

No, not at all

Question 14

If a dog has already learned to mark the house with urine, will castration likely stop it?

Answer 14

Yes, urine making in the house is decreased 50% of the time by castration

Question 15

What percent of dogs with roaming habits will decrease this behavior due to castration?

Answer 15

漫游Roaming habits decrease in 90% of dogs

Question 16

What other behaviors are reduced due to castration?

Answer 16

• intermale aggression decreases noticeablely in 60% of cases
  -mounting behavior is reduced in 67% of cases
  -

Question 17

True or false. Castration decreases sexual interest

Answer 17

True

Question 18

True or false. Some degree of assertiveness may be lost due to castration.

True or false. Castration causes only 10% increase in physical activity.

True or false. Following castration, sexually experienced males retain sexual behavior
longer than inexperienced males.

Answer 18

All True

Question 19

What is an example of a secondary physical characteristic that may be lost due to
neutering?

Answer 19

weight gain might reduce by feeding less food

Question 20

What age should be female dogs spayed?

Answer 20

Before their first heat cycle, best time at 5-6 months of age

Question 21

Several reasons why females should be spayed?

Answer 21

1. absence of heat period
2. no nesting behaviour
3. no false pregnancies
4. greatly reduced incidence of mammary tumours when spayed before their first heat
5. prevents pyometra子宮積膿
6. reduces the number of unwanted puppies

Question 22

What are the signs of Pseudopregnancy?

Answer 22

1. signs appear 4-6 weeks after the female was in heat
2. abdomen enlarge, mammary glands develop and produce milk
3. female starts nesting and bring toys to the nest
4. become nervous or aggressive
5. conditions may repeat following ever heat cycle until the dog is spayed

Question 23

What are the feline sexual maturity?

Answer 23

Male sexual maturity: 8-9 months
Female sexual maturity : 6-8 months

Question 24

Are cats plyestrous? 多求偶期

Answer 24

Yes

Question 25

When do cats enter heat?

Answer 25

twice a year with peaks at mid-jan to march and may to june
-if not bred, a cat can cycle every 3 weeks for several months
-actual estrous is 9-10 days if not bred, 4 days if bred

Question 26

what are cat’s courtship behaviour?

Answer 26

-call and purr嗚嗚聲
-males gape

Question 27

When are the best time for castration for cats?

Answer 27

Male cats are castrated at 6-8 months, its recommended to restrict males’ access to females until after the surgery

Question 28

percentage of eliminating fighting, roaming, uring spraying and mounting in cats after castration?

Answer 28

-88% decrease in fighting
-92% reduction in roaming
-87%reduction in urine spraying
-25% of neutered cats still mount other cats and objects

Question 29

what is the best timing to spay female cats?

Answer 29

6 months, as 85% of mammary tumours in cat are malignant and spaying them at 6 months of age decreases the incidence by 91%