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Protection > Chapter 5 Radiation Monitoring > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Radiation Monitoring Flashcards

1
Q

In keeping with the ALARA concept, most health care facilities issue dosimetry devices when personnel could receive approx. _______ of the annual occupational EfD limit in any month, or approx, 0.5mSv (50 mrem)

A

1%

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2
Q

What different filters are incorporated into the detector packet of the OSL dosimeter?

A

Aluminum, tin and copper

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3
Q

Diagnostic imaging personnel should wear a personnel dosimeter during routine operations in an imaging facility because the device provides:

A

An indication of an individual’s working habits
An indication of working conditions in the facility

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4
Q

After processing, if the average OSL control monitor reading is greater than zero, it indicates:

A

That the associated group dosimeters may have been exposed to radiation in transit

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5
Q

Which of the following imaging professionals most commonly wear TDL dosimeters?

A

Nuclear medicine technologists

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6
Q

Which of the following instruments should be used in a laboratory setting to detect alpha and beta radiation and small amounts of other types of low-level radioactive contamination?

A

Proportional counter

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7
Q

Which of the following devices is used to measure the amount of ionizing radiation to which a TDL ring dosimeter has been exposed by first heating the crystals to free the trapped, highly energized electrons and then recording the amount of light emitted by the crystals (which is proportional to the TDL ring dosimeter exposure)?

A

TDL analyzer

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8
Q

In a healthcare facility, a radiographer’s deep, eye, and shallow occupational exposures,as measured by an exposure monitor, may be found on the:

A

Personnel monitoring report

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9
Q

Each filter in an OSL dosimeter blocks a portion of the radiation-sensitive aluminum oxide and causes a different degree of attenuation for any radiation striking the dosimeter, depending on its:

A

Energy

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10
Q

Which of the following personnel monitoring devices resembles a flash drive in appearance?

A

Personnel DIS dosimeter

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11
Q

Radiation survey instruments measure which of the following?
1. The total quantity of electrical charge resulting from ionization of the gas
2. The rate at which an electrical charge is produced
3. Luminescence

A

1 and 2 only

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12
Q

What do ionization chamber-type survey meters, proportional counters, and GM meters have in common?

A

Each contains a gas-filled chamber

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13
Q

Which of the following only radiation monitors is currently the most commonly used dosimeter for monitoring whole body occupational exposure in diagnostic imaging ad radiation therapy?

A

OSL

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14
Q

Which of the following are disadvantages of the TLD
ring dosimeter?
1. Thermoluminescence readings will be lost if not carefully recorded
2. Calibrated dosimeters must be prepared beforehand and read with each group of TLD dosimeters as they are processed
3. The readout process destroys information stored in the TLD, thus preventing the “read” TLD from serving as a permanent legal record of exposure
4. LiF is used as the sensing material in the TLD

A

1, 2, and 3 only

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15
Q

The DIS dosimeter is readout through a:

A

Physical device such as a universal serial bus
(USB) or via wireless connection and the data stored electronically at the facility

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16
Q

The OSL dosimeter uses:

A

An Al2O3 thin layer detector

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17
Q

The ionization chamber-type survey meter measures x-radiation and gamma radiation, and, if equipped with a suitable window, can also record:

A

Beta radiation

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18
Q

The ionization chamber-type survey meter measures x-radiation and gamma radiation, and, if equipped with a suitable window, can also record:

A

Beta radiation

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19
Q

Monitoring companies send a control monitor to health care facilities along with each batch of dosim-eters. The control monitor should be:

A

Kept in a radiation-free area within the imaging facility

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20
Q

Dosimeter readings that exceed a trigger level set by the health care facility are investigated to:

A

Ascertain the cause of the reading

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21
Q

The TLD readout process:

A

Destroys The information stored in the TDL

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22
Q

An ionization chamber-type survey meter is also referred to as a:

A

Cutie pie

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23
Q

The increased sensitivity of the OSL dosimeter makes it ideal for monitoring employees working in low-radiation environments and for:

A

Monitoring of pregnant workers

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24
Q

The RSO in a health care facility receives and reviews personnel monitoring reports to:

A

Assess compliance with ALARA guidelines

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25
Q

Wearing a personnel dosimeter in a consistent location is the responsibility of the:

A

Individual wearing the device

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26
Q

On termination of employment, a radiographer must receive a copy of:

A

His or her occupational exposure report

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27
Q

True or False: Personnel dosimeters protect the wearer from exposure to ionizing radiation.

A

False

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28
Q

T/F: Wearing a personnel dosimeter in a consistent
location is the responsibility of the individual wearing the device.

A

True

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29
Q

T/F: During lengthy interventional fluoroscopic procedures (e.g., cardiac artery patency inves-tigations), some health care facilities may prefer to have diagnostic imaging personnel wear two separate monitoring devices.

A

True

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30
Q

T/F: Cost is not a factor for health care facilities in selecting personnel dosimeters.

A

False

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31
Q

T/F: The DIS dosimeter does not provide an instantaneous readout of dose information by the device wearer via a cell phone application.

A

False

32
Q

T/F: An ionization chamber-type survey me-
ter cannot be used to measure exposures produced by typical diagnostic procedures because the exposure times are too long to permit the meter to respond appropriately.

A

False

33
Q

T/F: When a laser light is incident on the sensing material in the OSL dosimeter, the material becomes luminescent in proportion to the amount of radiation exposure received by the detector.

A

True

34
Q

T/F: With an OSL in-house reader, occupational exposure doses can be determined on the day of occurrence.

A

True

35
Q

T/F: All radiation survey meters are equally sensitive in the detection of ionizing radiation.

A

False

36
Q

T/F: The ionization chamber-type meter is used for radiation protection surveys.

A

True

37
Q

T/F: An OSL dosimeter can only be worn for a period of 1 month.

A

False

38
Q

T/F: In health care facilities that have a well-structured radiation safety program, personnel monitoring reports are received and reviewed by the RSO.

A

True

39
Q

T/F: A personnel dosimeter must be able to detect and record both small and large exposures in a consistent and reliable manner.

A

True

40
Q

T/F: The filters in an OSL dosimeter are made of lead, potassium iodide, and zinc.

A

False

41
Q

T/F: Ionizing radiation causes some of the physical properties of the LiF crystals in the TLD ring dosimeter to undergo changes.

A

True

42
Q

T/F; When changing employment, the radiation
worker must convey the data pertinent to his or her accumulated permanent equivalent dose to the new employer so that this information can be placed on file.

A

True

43
Q

T/F: Results from personnel monitoring reports once reviewed by the facility’s RSO can be discarded.

A

False

44
Q

When a protective apron is worn and the personnel dosimeter is located at collar level, it provides a reading of approximate equivalent dose to the ________ gland and ________
of the occupa-tionally exposed person.

A

Thyroid; eyes

45
Q

T/F: In the rate mode, the cutie pie can measure radiation intensities ranging from 10 to several thousand microgray per hour.

A

True

46
Q

T/F: The GM survey meter is likely to saturate or jam when it is placed in a pulsed high-intensity radaition area thereby yielding a false reading.

A

True

47
Q

T/F: commercially available lead aprons typically have either 2..5- or 3.25-mm lead equavilent shielding

A

False

48
Q

T/F: humidity, pressure, and normal temperature changes do not affect TLDs.

A

True

49
Q

T/F: Personnel dosimeter should be reasonably inexpensive to purchase and maintain

A

True

50
Q

T/F: Personnel dosimeter should be reasonably inexpensive to purchase and maintain

A

True

51
Q

T/F: Health care facilities must maintain a record of exposure recorded by personnel dosimeters as part of each radiation worker’s employment record

A

True

52
Q

T/F: Area monitoring can be accomplished through the use of radiation survey instruments

A

True

53
Q

T/F: Control monitors serve as a basis for comparison with the remaining OSL dosimeters after they have been returned to the monitoring company for processing.

A

True

54
Q

Radiation survey instruments for area monitoring should be calibrated _______
to meet state and federal requirements.

A

Periodically

55
Q

Two types of personnel dosimeters predominantly used to measure the exposure of the whole body to ionizing radiation are _________ _______ _______ and _______ ______ ______ _______

A

Optically stimulated luminescent ; direct ion storage dosimeter

56
Q

Because many employees in a health care facility may be required to wear radiation monitors, they should be reasonably _________
to purchase and maintain.

A

Inexpensive

57
Q

An OSL dosimeter is _________, durable and easy to carry.

A

Lightweight

58
Q

The control monitor should be kept in a __________ area in an imaging facility.

A

Radiation-free

59
Q

When changing employment, the radiation worker must convey those data pertinent to accumulated permanent __________
dose to the new employer.

A

Equivalent

60
Q

Dosimeter readings that exceed a ___________
level set by the health care facility are investigated to ascertain the cause of the reading

A

Trigger

61
Q

To ensure that occupational radiation exposure levels are kept well below the __________, some means of monitoring personnel exposure must be employed.

A

Annual effective dose limit

62
Q

_________ use ionization
chambers connected to ________
to perform the annual standard measurements required by state, federal, and health care accreditation organizations for radiographic and fluoroscopic devices.

A

Medical physicists; electrometers

63
Q

Radiation survey instruments
are not all equally _________
in detecting ionizing radiation.

A

Sensitive

64
Q

Because the GM meter allows for rapid monitoring, it can be used to locate a _______
radioactive source or low-level radioactive contamination.

A

Lost

65
Q

Ionization chambers can be used to measure the _________ _____from both radiographic and fluoroscopic equipment.

A

Radiation output

66
Q

Personnel monitoring ensures that _________
radiation exposure levels are kept well below the annual EfD limit.

A

Occupational

67
Q

The OSL dosimeter is “read out” by using _________ at selected frequencies.

A

Laser light

68
Q

Pregnant diagnostic imaging personnel should be issued a _______ monitoring device to record
the radiation dose to the abdomen during ________.

A

Second; gestation

69
Q

Monitoring reports list the _______, eye, and _______ occupational exposure of each person
wearing the device in the facility as measured by the exposed monitor.

A

Deep; shallow

70
Q

After a reading has been obtained, the sensing material in a TLD ring dosimeter can be ______, thus making the device somewhat _______.

A

Reused; cost-effective

71
Q

__________ monitors indicate whether group of
OSL dosimeters may have been exposed to radiation in transit to or from a health care facility.

A

Control

72
Q

The front of the white paper packet of the OSL dosimeter may be color coded to facilitate correct ________ and ________of the dosimeter on the body of occupationally exposed personnel.

A

Usage; placement

73
Q

A record of radiation exposure should be part of the _________ record of all radiation
workers.

A

Employment

74
Q

An OSL dosimeter is not effective as a monitoring device if it is not _____

A

Worn

75
Q

Ionizing radiation causes the LiF sensing material in the TLD ring dosimeter to undergo changes in some of their _________
properties.

A

Physical

76
Q

The OSL dosimeter provides an accurate reading as low as 10 uSv (1 mrem) for x-rays and gamma-ray photons with energies ranging from ________keV to ________MeV.

A

5; 40

77
Q

All components of an OSL dosimeter are sealed inside a tamperproof _______ blister packet.

A

Plastic

Protection (1 decks)

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