Chapter 5: Procurement Flashcards
Purchasing
Activity concerned with the acquisition of products.
Profit Center
Department that generates revenues greater than its expenses and creates profit for the organization.
Cost Center
Department that has expenses but does not generate profits to cover those expenses.
Producer
Someone who produces raw food to sell.
Processor
Organization that takes raw food items and transforms them into packaged products for sale to consumers or food service operations.
Distributor
Wholesaler responsible for transferring products from the processor or manufacturer to the supplier.
Wholesaler
Distributor that purchases from various manufacturers or processors, provides storage, sells, and delivers products to suppliers.
Broker
Independent sales and marketing representative who contracts with manufacturers, processors, or prime-source producers to sell and conduct local marketing programs with wholesalers, suppliers, or foodservice operations.
Manufacturer’s Representative
Distributor who represents a manufacturing company and informs suppliers of products by this manufacturer.
Supplier
Organization that offers products for sale.
Standards of Identity
Federal standards that identify what a given food product contains.
Standards of Quality
Federal standards for product quality attributes such as tenderness, color, and freedom from defects.
Irradiation
Exposure of foods to gamma rays or radiant energy to reduce harmful bacteria.
Value Analysis
Methodical investigation of all components of an existing product or service with the goal of discovering and eliminating unnecessary costs without interfering with the effectiveness of the product or service.
Specification
Statement understood by buyers and suppliers of the required quality of products, including allowable limits of tolerance.
Technical Specification
Specification that indicates quality by objective and impartial test results.
Approved Brand Specification
Specification that indicates quality by specifying a brand name or label.
Performance Specification
Specification that indicates quality by functioning characteristics of the product.
Bid Buying
Buyer decides which supplier will be chosen for the order based on bids submitted from the seller.
Bid
A price quotation from seller.
Law of Agency
Buyer’s authority to act for the organization, the obligation each owes the other, and the extent to which each may be held liable for the other’s actions.
Law of Warranty
Guarantee by the supplier that an item will perform in a specified way.
Law of Contract
Signed agreement between two or more parties related to the purchase of a product or service.
Invoice
Document prepared by the supplier that includes product names, quantity, and price.
Requisition
Form used by foodservice manager to request items from purchasing manager or department.
Purchase Order
Document completed by the buyer and given to the supplier listing items to be purchased.
F.O.B.
Free on board.
F.O.B. Origin
Buyer selects freight company, pays freight charges, and owns product during transit.
F.O.B Destination
Buyer pays freight charges, but seller owns product during transit.
Receiving
Activity for ensuring that products delivered by suppliers are those that were ordered.
Storage
Holding of products under proper conditions to ensure quality until time of use.
Physical Activity
Periodic actual counting and recording of products in stock in all storage areas.
Perpetual Inventory
Purchases and issues continuously are recorded for each product in storage, marking the balance in stock available at all times.
FIFO
First in, first out.
LIFO
Last in, first out.