Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Electrical > Chapter 5 - Practical Electrical Theory > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Practical Electrical Theory Flashcards

1
Q

What is a ATOM?

A

The smallest particle of an element.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are 3 principal parts of an ATOM?

A
  1. PROTONS
  2. NEUTRONS
  3. ELECRONS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where are the PROTONS and NEUTRONS located in a ATOM?

A

In the center of the atom (also known as the nucleus).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of charge do PROTONS have?

A

Positive charge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What type of charge do NEUTRONS have?

A

Neutral.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of charge does the NUCLEUS have?

A

Positive charge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What type of charge do ELECTRONS have? And how do they travel around the NUCLEUS?

A

ELECTRONS have a negative charge and travel around the nucleus in orbits.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The number of ELECTRONS in an ATOM will equal the number of ? In an ATOM.

A

PROTONS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ELECTRONS in the same orbit travel at the same distance from the NUCLEUS but do not follow the?

A

Same orbital path.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many PROTONS and ELECTRONS does the Hydrogen ATOM have?

A
  1. PROTON

1. ELECTRON

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most wiring used to conduct an electrical current is made of?

A

Copper.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many PROTONS and ELECTRONS does the Copper ATOM have?

A

29 PROTONS

29 ELECTRONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

29 ELECTRONS orbit around the NUCLEUS in a Copper Atom. What are the number of ELECTRONS starting from the inner orbit to the outer orbit?

A

2 ELECTRONS
8 ELECTRONS
18 ELECTRONS
1 ELECTRONS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is MATTER?

A

A substance that takes up space and has weight.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How is MATTER made?

A

MATTER is made by combining ATOMS into groups.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MATTER constitutes ATOMS, which are small parts of a substance and may combine to form?

A

MOLECULES.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When MOLECULES are formed, they cannot be?

A

Broken down.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 3 states of MATTER?

A
  1. Solid
  2. Liquid
  3. Gas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is an ELEMENT?

A

Any of the know substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler compounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the 2 basic laws of physics?

A
  1. Law of Charges.

2. Law of Centrifugal Force.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The LAW of CHARGES states?

A

That opposite charges attract, like charges repel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The LAW of CENTRIFUGAL FORCE states?

A

That a spinning object will pull away from its center point and that the faster it spins, the greater the centrifugal force will be.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ELECTRONS travel at such a high rate of speed that they form a shell around the NUCLEUS. For this reason, ELECTRON ORBITS are often referred to as?

A

Shells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The outer shell of an ATOM is known as the? and ELECTRONS located there are known as?

A

VALENCE SHELL.

VALENCE ELECTRONS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The VALENCE SHELL of an ATOM cannot contain more than?

A

8 ELECTRONS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are CONDUCTORS? And examples of good CONDUCTORS?

A

CONDUCTORS are materials that permit ELECTRONS to flow through them easily.

  1. Gold
  2. Silver
  3. Copper
  4. Aluminum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Good CONDUCTORS contain ATOMS with? 3 common metals are?

A

Few ELECTRONS in the outer orbit.

  1. Gold
  2. Silver
  3. Copper
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

ATOMS with several ELECTRONS in the outer orbits are?

A

Poor CONDUCTORS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are examples of good INSULATORS?

A
  1. Glass
  2. Rubber
  3. Plastic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is a COULOMB? And what does it measure?

A

One COULOMB is the amount of electric charge transported in one second by one AMPERE of current. And it measures the quantity of ELECTRONS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What is AMPERE (amp)?

A

Unit of current flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The amount of electricity that flows through a circuit is measured in?

A

AMPERES (amps)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The 2 theories that describe current flow are?

A
  1. Electron theory

2. Conventional current flow theory.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Electron theory states that?

A

Because ELECTRONS are negative charged particles, current flows from the most negative point in the circuit to the most positive.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Conventional current flow theory states?

A

That current flows from the most positive point to the most negative.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Current flows through a ? Circuit.

A

Closed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

No current can flow through an ? Circuit.

A

Open.

38
Q

A ?, which has very little or no resistance, generally occurs when the CONDUCTORS leading from and back to the power source become connected.

A

SHORT CIRCUIT.

39
Q

What is a GROUNDED CIRCUIT?

A

When an unintended path is established to the ground, a GROUNDED CIRCUIT has occurred.

40
Q

What is (DC)? and how does it travel? Flows from?To?

A

DIRECT CURRENT.
Travels in one direction.
Flows from negative to positive.

41
Q

What is (AC)? And how does it travel?

A

Alternating Current.

Continually and rapidly revering current.

42
Q

What is the advantage of high-voltage transmission?

A

Is that less current is required to produce the same amount of power.

43
Q

What does (emf) stand for? And what is it used for?

A

Electromotive force.

Is used to indicate the difference of potential in two charges.

44
Q

What is VOLTAGE?

A

The potential electrical difference for electron flow from one line to another in an electrical circuit.

Also defined as the force that causes electrons to move from atom to atom in a conductor.

45
Q

When an ELECTRON surplus builds up on one side of a circuit and a shortage of ELECTRONS exist on the other side, a difference of potential or end is created. The unit used to measure this force is the?

A

Volt.

46
Q

The unit used to measure RESISTANCE is?

A

Ohm.

47
Q

A CONDUCTOR has a RESISTANCE of?

A

1 ohm when 1 force of 1 Volt causes a current of 1 amp to flow.

48
Q

V=
Amp=
Ohm=

A

Electrical force of pressure.

Quantity of electron flow rate.

Resistance of electron flow.

49
Q

An ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT must have?

A
  1. Power source.
  2. Conductors to carry the current.
    3 Load or device to use the current.
50
Q

What is OHM’s LAW?

And how is it written?

A

Rule that deals with the relationship between VOLTAGE and CURRENT and a material’s ability to conduct electricity.

VOLTAGE= CURRENT X RESISTANCE

51
Q

What are the 3 basic forms of OHM’s LAW formulas?

A
  1. E= I X R
  2. I = E / R
  3. R= E / R
52
Q

What is WATTAGE? It can be calculated using the formula?

A

A unit of power applied to electron flow. Rate at which work is done when 1 amp of current flows through an electrical potential difference of 1 volt.

WATT = I X V

53
Q

1 WATT equals?

A

3.414 BTU

54
Q

What are the 2 kinds of circuits?

A
  1. Series

2. Parallel

55
Q

Electrical power is measured in? Therefore, power can be calculated by?

A

WATTS.

Multiplying the voltage and the current (amps) flowing in a circuit.

56
Q

AC reverses its direction of flow at set?

A

Intervals.

57
Q

A common AC wave form frequently encountered is the square wave. A square wave is produced by electronic devices called?

A

Oscillators.

58
Q

Another common AC wave form is the? A linear wave is one in which the?

A

Triangle Waves.

Voltage rises at a constant rate with respect to time.

59
Q

As stated earlier AC current is constantly reversing direction. This can be seen using an? What is it used for?

A

Oscilloscope.

Is an instrument that measures the amount of voltage over a given period.

60
Q

What are the 3 different kids of waves formed by AC current?

A
  1. Square Waves
  2. Triangle Waves
  3. Sine Waves
61
Q

The Sine Wave illustrates the voltage of one cycle through? In the United States and Canada, this is repeated? times in 1 second.

A

360.

60.

62
Q

The rate at which the cycle is repeated is known as the? and is measured in?

A

FREQUENCY.

HERTZ (Hz).

63
Q

A SINE WAVE voltage reaches its peak (positive) point at?
it is back to 0 at?
it reaches negative peak at?
it is back to 0 at?

A

90*
180*
270*
360*

64
Q

The peaks of the voltages are not the effective voltage values. The effective voltage is the?
The voltage is? X the peak voltage.

A

ROOT-MEAN-SQUARE (RMS).

0.707

65
Q

SINGLE-PHASE AC consists of ? conductors (hot wires) and ?conductor (neutral wire). When measuring VOLTAGE between the two hot wires of this type of system, you will read approximately? If you read from any 1 hot wire to the neutral, you should read approximately?

A

2 ungrounded
1 grounded
240 Volts
120 Volts

66
Q

THREE-PHASE AC consists of? conductors (hot wires) in this type of system. And may or may not have a neutral wire.

A

3 ungrounded.

67
Q

The common VOLTAGE levels for the THREE-PHASE AC system are? when measured between the 2 hot wires. This is referred to as the?

A 
208
230
240
277
480
575
600
LINE VOLTAGE
68
Q

The ? governs the type and size of wire that can be used for a particular application and certain AMPERAGE. It provides the basic ? size for a conductor to prevent the conductor from overheating and causing a fire.

A

National Electric Code (NEC)

Minimum

69
Q

The NEC defines ? as “a Load where the maximum current is expected to continue for ? or more.

A

Continuous Load

3 hours

70
Q

What does NEC stand for?

A

National Electric Code.

71
Q

What does AWG stand for? and is used mainly in the United States for the ?

A

American Wire Gauge.

Diameters of round, solid, nonferrous electrical wire.

72
Q

The wire gauge size is important for determining the?

A

Current (amps) carrying capacity of a conductor.

73
Q

Wire gauge sizes are determined by the?

A

Number of draws necessary to produce a given diameter or wire.

74
Q

When electrical wire is manufactured it is pulled through a series of ? With each having a ? diameter than the last.

A

Dies

Smaller

75
Q

As the AWG number of a conductor increase, its diameter?

A

Decrease

76
Q

It is the ? area of a particular gauge (diameter) wire that is an important factor in determining the amount of ? That a conductor can safely carry.

A

CROSS-SECTIONAL

CURRENT

77
Q

An ? Is intended to supply illumination and power automatically to designated areas and equipment when the normal source of power fails.

A

EMERGENCY CIRCUIT

78
Q

What does (GFCI) stand for? And what is it for?

A

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupts.

They are used to prevent people from being electrocuted.

79
Q

How do (GFCI) work?

A

By sensing the amount of current flow on both the ungrounded (hot) and grounded (neutral) conductors supplying power to the device.

80
Q

Ground fault indication is required for emergency systems operating at more than ? volts to ground and over current devices rated at ? amps or more.

A

150

1,000

81
Q

Wiring for ? must be kept entirely independent of all other wiring unless required to be associated with normal source wiring.

A

EMERGENCY CIRCUITS

82
Q

? Are used to prevent continued access to electrical services during power outages.

A

EMERGENCY BACKUP ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM.

83
Q

EMERGENCY BACKUP ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS can be based on?

A
  1. Fossil fuel-powered generators.
  2. Battery-based storage systems.
  3. Propane or natural gas supply.
  4. Wired directly into the facility’s circuit.
84
Q

? are electrical devices that can produce an electrical current in a second circuit through electromagnetic induction.

A

TRANSFORMERS.

85
Q

TRANSFORMS have a ? , a core usually made of thin plates of steel laminated together, and a ?

A

Primary winding.

Secondary winding.

86
Q

There are ? And ? TRANSFORMS.

A

Step up.

Step down.

87
Q

When the windings of a TRANSFORMER are physically and emotionally ? from one another the TRANSFORMER is known as an?

A

Isolated.

Isolated TRANSFORMER.

88
Q

What is an ELECTRIC MOTOR? And how does it work?

A

Is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy (motion).
Rotating magnetic field is responsible for the continuous rotation of an electric motor.

89
Q

Most ? motors are designed and used according to their ? and ? torque.

A

Single phase.
Running.
Starting.

90
Q

Name some of the commonly used electric motors?

A
  1. Split-phase motors
  2. Capacitor start motors
  3. Capacitor start, capacitor run motors
  4. The PSC motor
  5. The shaded-pole motors
  6. Three-phase motors
  7. Variable-speed motors
  8. ECM motors

Electrical (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions