Chapter 5, pgs 134-139: Function, Classification, & Structure Flashcards
Axial Skeleton
The bones that form the longitudinal axis of the body
Appendicular Skeleton
The bones of the limbs and girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton
Skeleton system includes…
- Joints
-Cartilages
-Ligaments
Support
-Forms the internal framework that supports the body and cradles its soft organs
Protection
Protect soft body organs
Ex: skull to brain, vertebrae to spinal cord, and rib cage to thorax
Movement
Skeletal muscles, attached to bones by tendons, use the bone Xmas as levers to move the body and it’s parts
Storage
- Fat is stored in the internal (marrow cavities of bones
-Houses minerals, calcium and phosophorus
Blood cell formation (Hematopoiesis)
Occurs within the marrow of cavities of certain bones
Compact bone
Dense and looks smooth and homogeneous
Spongy bone
Composed of needlike pieces of bone and lots of open space
Long bones
-Shaft with w/ heads at both ends
-Mostly compact bone
Ex: all the bones of the limbs are long bones, EXCEPT the patella, wrist and ankle bones
Short bones
-Cube shaped
-Contain mostly spongy bone
- Ex: The bones of the wrist and ankle
-Sesamoid bones: form w/ tendons (patella)
Flat bones
-Thin, flattened and usually curved
-Thin 2 layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone between them
Ex: Bones of skull, ribs, and sternum
Irregular bones
-Bones that do not fit one of the preceding categories
Ex: The vertebrae
Diaphysis (In long bone)
-Makes up most of bone’s length
-Composed of compact bone