chapter 5 Organization Of The Body Flashcards
abdomin/o
abdomen
anter/o
front
brachi/o
arm
cardi/o
heart
caud/o
tail
cephal/o
head
cephal/o
head
cervic/o
neck
chondri/i
gristle/cartilage
cran/o crani/o
skull
infer/o
below
inguin/o
groin
later/o
side
lumb/o
loin/lower back
medi/o
middle
organ/o
tool
pelv/o
bowl/basin
physi/o
nature
cyt/o
cell
dist/o
distant
dors/o
back
femor/o
high/femur
gastr/o
stomach
glute/o
buttocks
hom/o home/o
same
ill/o
flank/hip/groin
pleur/o pleura
rib
poster/o
back
proxim/o
near
super/o
above
thorac/o
chest, thorax
tom/o
to cut
umbilical/o
naval, umbilicus
ventr/o
belly
study of body structure
anatomy
study of body functions
physiology
state of balance
homeostasis
simple building block of body binds together to form molecules
atom
combine and form large non living structures called organelles
molecules
assemble to form living cell
organelles
most basic form of life in body
cell
cells combined into similar groups to form tissues
organ
4 categories of tissue
epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous
organ systems (11)
cardiovascular
respiratory
urinary
lymphatic
digestive
female/male reproductive
endocrine
nervous
musculoskeletal
integumentary
what is in an atom
carbon/hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen
what is in a molecule
sugars/proteins/water
What is in a organelle
mitochondrion/nucleus/ribosome
what is in a cell
epithelial cell/nerve cell/muscle cell
what are the tissues
epithelial/nervous/muscle/connective
different organs
lung/brain/stomach/kidney
what organism are we
human organism
cardiovascular system is made up of
heart/arteries/veins
lymphatic system consists of
tonsils/thymus/lymphatic/vessels/spleen/lymph nodes
what is in respiratory system
pharynx/nose/larynx/bronchi/lungs/trachea
whats part of digestive system
pharynx/mouth/salivary glands/esophagus/liver//gallbladder/stomach/colon/pancreas/small intestine
parts of the urinary system
kidneys/ureters/urethra/urinary bladder
Parts of female reproductive
mammary glands/fallopian tubes/uterus/ovary/vagina
male reproductive system
vas deferens/testis/penis/urethra/prostate
parts of nervous system
spinal cord/brain/nerves
endocrine system parts
pituitary gland/thyroid gland/thymus/adrenal goands/pancreas/ovary/testis
musculoskeletal system parts
bone/muscle/joint/tendon
integumentary system
hair/skin/nails
words used to describe the relative location of the body or its parts
directional terms
because the body can move into many positions ___ is needed to describe locations of body parts
point of reference
directional terms are always based on the _____ regardless of the actual body position
anatomical position
most directional terms include
one word root and one suffix
suffixes are either
-io or -al
anatomical position is used reference for body positon
erect position/face forward/arms at the sides/palms of the hand facing forward and legs apart with feet pointing forward
3 major anatomical planes
frontal or coronal
sagittal plane
transverse plane
vertical plane passing through the body from side to side dividing it into anterior/posterior sections
frontal/coronal plane
vertical plan dividing body into right and left sections.
sagittal plane
midsagittal plane
divides body doewn the centre into equal sections
parasagittal plane
divides body i to unequal sections
horizontal plane, dividing the body into superior and inferior sections
transverse plane
toward the head
superior
away from the head
inferior
toward the front
anterior (ventral)
toward the back
posterior (dorsal)
toward the midline
medial
toward the side
lateral
external on the surface
superficial
internal away from the surface
deep
toward the point of attachment
proximal
away from the point of attachment
distal
patient lying on their back
supine position
patient lying on their belly
prone position
above
super
below
infer
front
anter
back
poster
middle
medi
side
later
near
proxim
distant
dist
belly
ventr
back
dors
tail
caud
major regions of the body
head/neck/upper appendages/trunk/lower appendages
broken down abdominal regions into
abdominal quadrants
abdominal quadrants
right upper quadrant
right lower quadrant
left upper quadrant
left lower quadrant
abdominal regions
epigastric
hypochondriac (left/right)
iliac (left/right)
lumbar (left/right)
umbilical region
hypogastric
central trunk
torso
head/arms/legs
appendages/limbs
head/trunk partially filled with organs connecting structures and fluids called
cavities
internal contents of cavities are called
viscera
two divisions of dorsal cavities
cranial(head/brain)
spinal(vertebral)
thoracic cavity has 3 parts
pericardial(heart)
pleural(lungs)
mediastanum(other chest organs)
Ventral cavity has 2 portions by the muscular diaphragm
thoracic and abdominopelvic
state of body homeostasis has faltered
disease
study of disease
pathology
identification of an illness
diagnosis
experienced by patient as result of disease
symptoms
short illnesss
acute
long illness
chronic
disease caused by a pathogen
infection
physical injury
trauma
prediction of probable course of disease and probable outcome
prognosis
5 diagnostic imaging tests
endoscopy
CT scan
PET scan
MRI
Ultrasound
CT scan meaning
computed tomography
PET scan meaning
positron emission tomography
MRI meaning
magnetic resonance imaging
med record SOAP stand for
Subjective/Objective/Assessment/Plan
hyponatremia
deficient sodium in blood
hypocalcemia
low calcium in blood
hypotension
low pressure process
hypoglycemia
low blood sugar
hypochondriac
low gristle cartilage pertaining to
homeostasis
sameness standing still maintaining
abdominopelvic
abdomen bowl pertaining to
hypogastric
low stomach pertaining to
