Chapter 5 Muscular Development Flashcards
Resistance training
Refers to lifting weights of varying intensities in order to develop increased muscular strength
Hypertrophy
Means muscle enlargement
Atrophy
Muscle wasting
Resting metabolic rate
The rate at which the body burns calories when completely inactive, is affected by the amount of lean body mass (muscle) a person has
Bone Matrix
Collagen, calcium, and other minerals
Osteoclasts
Cells that break down bone matrix and release minerals, such as calcium, into the blood
Osteoblasts
Rebuild the bone matrix
Functional Capacity
The ability to do physical work
Cardiac Muscle
Found only in the heart and is specialized to produce the powerful contractions that pump blood throughout the body. They are not under voluntary control but instead are controlled automatically by the nervous system
Smooth muscle
The other type of involuntary muscle and is located in digestive organs, blood vessels, and reproductive organs
Skeletal muscle
The third type of muscle, mainly under voluntary control, and is responsible for helping us move according to our will
Sarcomere
A muscle cell
Myosin
The thick filament made up of protein, has extensions called heads that attach to the thin filament
Actin
Thick extensions called heads taht attach to the thin filament, protein
Myofibrils
Muscle fibers are made up of strands called ^
Fascia
Whole groups of muscle fibers that are covered by a connectgive tissue sheath make up a muscle
Motor unit
The motor neuron and muscle fibers it activates are called. Allow precise, delicate movements, such as swiveling the eyeballs
Isometric
Equal length the combination of the Greek terms iso (same) and metric (distance).
Isokinetic
Means “equal motion”. Kinetic refers to movement. The ate of muscular contraction is constant in isokinetic exercise
Isotonic
Means “equal tension” where force remains constant
Variable-resistance
Change the resistance to compensate for changes in mechanical advatnige
