Chapter 5. Medical Terminology Flashcards
Word root
The foundation of the word
Conveys the essential meaning of the word and frequently indicates a body part
Prefix
*What occurs before the root word (appears at the beginning)
*a prefix gives the root word specific meaning
Suffix
What occurs after the root word
Usually indicate a procedure, condition, disease, or part of speech
Combining vowels
The part of a term that connects a word root to a suffix or other word root
Usually an o, sometimes an I or e
Helps easy pronunciation
Common root words in ems: meanings…
Cardi:
Hepat:
Nephr:
Neur:
Psych:
Thorac:
Pulmon
Oste
Heart
Liver
Kidney
Nerves
Mind
Chest
Lungs
Bones
Common prefixes in ems: meanings…
Hyper
Hypo
Tachy
Brady
Pre
Post
Over, excessive, high
Under, below normal
Rapid, fast
Slow
Before
After
Common suffixes in ems: meanings..
1. Al
2. Algia
3. Ectomy
4. Ic
5. Itis
6. Logy
7. Logist
8. Megaly
9. Meter
10. Oma
11. Pathy
- Pertaining to
- Pertaining to pain
- Surgical removal of
- Pertaining to
- Inflammation
- Study of
- Specialist
- Enlargement
- Measuring instrument
- Tumor (usually referring to cancer?
- Disease
Common number prefixes
1. Uni 14. Nona
2. Dipl 15. Deca
3. Null 16. Semi
4. Primi 17. Hemi
5. Multi 18. Ambi
6. Bi 19. Pan
7. Tri
8. Quad
9. Tetra
10. Quint
11. Sexti
12. Septi
13. Oct
One. Ten
Two;doubled. Half;partial
None. Half;one sided
First Both
Many. All, entire
Two
Three
Four
Four
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
Nine
Word roots that describe color
Cyan/o
Leuk/o
Erythr/o
Cirrh/o
Melan/o
Poli/o
Alb
Chlor/o
Blue
White
Red
Yellow-orange
Black
Gray
White green
Prefixes that describe position: to/from
Ab-
Ad-
-away from
- To, towards
Prefixes that describe position: above/below/around
De-
Circum-
Peri-
Trans-
Epi-
Supra-
Retro-
Sub-
Infra-
Para-
Contra-
Down from, away
Around, about
Around
Across, beyond
Above, upon, On
Above, over
Behind
Under
Underneath
Near, beside, beyond, apart from
Against.. opposite
Prefixes that describe position.. outside/inside
Ecto-
Endo-
Extra-
Intra-
Ipsi-
Out, outside
Within
Outside, in addition
Inside, within
Same
Lateral
Parts of the body that lie farther from the midline
Medial
The parts that lie closer to the midline of the body
Superior
Any part of the body that is the portion nearer to the head from a specific reference point
Inferior
Any part of the body nearer to the feet from a specific reference.
Proximal
Describe structures that are closer to the trunk
For example, the elbow is proximal to the wrist and hand
Distal
Describe structures that are farther from the trunk or near to the free end of the extremity
For example, the elbow is distal to the shoulder
Superficial
Means closer to or on the skin
For example, a superficial burn just involves the top layer of skin, or an abrasion (superficial wound) which is just scraping your knee
Deep
Deep means farther inside the body or tissue and away from the skin
An example would be a laceration, from something like a knife stab
Anterior (Ventral)
Refers to the belly side of the body, or the anterior surface of the body
Posterior (dorsal)
Refers to the spinal side of the body
Directional terms:
Front and back-
Right and left-
Top and bottom -
Closest and farthest -
Middle and side -
In and out-
Anterior and posterior (ventral & distal)
Right and left
Superior and inferior
Proximal and distal
Medial and lateral
Superficial and deep
Palmar
The front region of the hand is referred to as the palm or Palmar surface
