Chapter 5 Lessons 3 and 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a volcano?

A

An opening in the Earth’s crust

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2
Q

What is lava?

A

When magma reaches the Earth’s surface

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3
Q

What is magma?

A

When rock is melted under the Earth’s surface

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4
Q

What is a hot spot?

A

An unmoving pool of magma below the Earth’s crust.

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5
Q

What is an eruption?

A

An outpouring of melted rock, ash, gases, or a combination of all three.

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6
Q

What is an island chain?

A

A line of volcanic mountains.

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7
Q

What is the Ring of Fire? Where is it located?

A

Volcanoes that occur on the Pacific Ocean plate boundary

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8
Q

When does a volcano erupt?

A

At plates where one plate moves under another

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9
Q

What is a caldera?

A

A giant impression that forms when a volcano collapses.

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10
Q

Name three types of volcanoes

A

Active, Dormant, Extinct

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11
Q

What is an active volcano?

A

One that is currently erupting (or recently erupted)

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12
Q

What is a dormant volcano?

A

One that hasn’t erupted for a long period of time

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13
Q

What is an extinct volcano?

A

One that has stopped erupting or is “dead”

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14
Q

What is an earthquake?

A

A sudden movement in the Earth’s crust

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15
Q

What is magnitude?

A

Measure of energy released by an earthquake.

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16
Q

What is a tsunami?

A

A huge wave caused by an underwater earthquake

17
Q

What is an epicenter?

A

Point where waves of energy reach the Earth’s surface

18
Q

What is a seismometer?

A

An instrument used to measure earthquake waves

19
Q

How can you prepare for an earthquake?

A

Secure objects, buildings can be designed to sway, sensors that detect earthquakes early (ansers may vary)

20
Q

What is the Richter scale?

A

Measures magnitude at the epicenter

Rates an earthquake from weak to strong (starting at 1)

21
Q

What is the Mercalli scale?

A

Measures what people felt and what happen to objects at a specific location
Rated in Roman Numerals (I-XII)