Chapter 5: Language

Question 1

Language

Answer 1

-Collection of symbols governed by rules
-used to convey messages between individuals

Question 2

Dialect

Answer 2

-version of the same language
-includes different words and meanings

Question 3

? Symbols

Answer 3

Have no inherent link to what they represent

Question 4

Denotative meaning

Answer 4

-the formally recognized definition of a word

Question 5

Connotative meaning

Answer 5

-the thoughts and feelings associated with a word

Question 6

Coordinated management of meaning (CMM)

Answer 6

-creating meaning in the process of communication with others
-meaning is created with others and ongoing

Question 7

Semantic rules

Answer 7

-guidelines for meanings of specific words
-one word can mean more things

Question 8

Phonological rules

Answer 8

-How words are pronounced

Question 9

Syntactic rules

Answer 9

-structure of language
-structure in the sentences (sin tax)

Question 10

Pragmatic rules

Answer 10

-people collectively do with language
-jokes,give advice….
-depends on culture

Question 11

Linguistic relativism

Answer 11

-the language people use influences how they experience the world

Question 12

Accent

Answer 12

Akzent

Question 13

Assertive language

Answer 13

-clear and direct speaking
-meaning is clear

Question 14

Collaborative language

Answer 14

-encourages people to think together without treating opinions as dominant

Question 15

Abstract language

Answer 15

-vague references to people, objects, events, and experiences
-how people interpret

Question 16

? Concrete language

Answer 16

-Words that refer to specific behaviors, objects, and events

Question 17

Abstraction ladder

Answer 17

-the road to use concrete language properly

Question 18

Equivocal

Answer 18

-word that’s open for more than one interpretation

Question 19

Equivocation

Answer 19

-a word with many meanings used on purpose (deliberately)

Question 20

Relative words

Answer 20

-words that gain their meaning by comparison (fast-slow, early-late)

Question 21

Slang

Answer 21

-language in special groups

Question 22

Jargon

Answer 22

A specialized vocab. Used by people with common backgrounds and experiences

Question 23

Euphemism

Answer 23

-more direct but potentially less pleasant one

Question 24

Confirmation bias

Answer 24

-the tendency to reject information thats inconsistent with ones current viewpoint

Question 25

Factual statements

Answer 25

-objectively true statements

Question 26

Inferential statements

Answer 26

-accurate or not is based on how someone interprets evidence

Question 27

Opinion statements

Answer 27

-which represents the speakers beliefs or attitudes and may or may not be based on evidence

Question 28

Altruistic lies

Answer 28

-harmless, or even helpful lies —> notlüge

Question 29

Evasions

Answer 29

-not telling the entire truth —> good intentions

Question 30

Self serving lies

Answer 30

-lies of yourself to convince others of your statement

Question 31

Emotive language

Answer 31

-A statement with your own emotions —> words are changing
-often not nice

Question 32

Fallacy of ad hominem

Answer 32

-attacking a persons character rather than debating the issues at hand

Question 33

Microaggressive language

Answer 33

-everyday statements —> with racist, aggressive …. background

Question 34

Microresistance

Answer 34

• be aware of “microaggressive language” and work against it
  -dont blame your problems on others

Question 35

Implicit bias

Answer 35

-stereotypes that people have without even noticing it

Question 36

A ally

Answer 36

-a person from the dominant group in society—> fighting for equality in the society