Chapter 5: IT Operations Flashcards
ASP
active server pages
ASP.NET
active server pages
AED
advanced encryption standard
API
application program interface
ASP
application service provider
DNS
domain name service
DHCP
dynamic host configuration protocol
XML
extensible markup language
FTP
file transfer protocol
HTML
hypertext markup language
PHP
hypertext preprocessor
HTTP
hypertext transfer protocol
HTTPS
hypertext transfer protocol secure
IaaS
Infrastructure as a Service
IP
Internet Protocol
ISP
internet service provider
LAN
local area network
NAT
network address translation
OSI model
Open Systems Interconnection model
parallel communication
ping
PaaS
Platform as a Service
NAT
network address translation
RADIUS
remote authentication dial in user services
RDP
remote desktop protocol
SSID
service set identifier
SCSI
small computer system interface
SaaS
software-as-a-service
SQL
structured query language
TCP
transmission control protocol
USB
universal serial bus
WAN
wide area network
WPA
Wi-Fi protected access
WPA2
Wi-Fi protected access 2
WEP
wired equivalent privacy
WAP or AP
wireless access point
Wi-Fi
wireless fidelity
active directory
The Microsoft database managed by the domain controller that system administrators use to control access to the Windows domain. Active directory contains information about users, groups of users, computers on the domain, organizational units, and configuration data.
active server pages (ASP or ASP.NET)
A server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language used to create dynamic web pages. ASP is provided by Microsoft.
ad hoc
A network that is wireless, decentralized, temporary, and a peer-to-peer connection.
Adobe Flash
A plug-in or add-on to a browser used to add multimedia graphics to web pages.
advanced encryption standard (AES)
An encryption cipher that uses a block length of 128 bits. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) adopted AES as an encryption standard.
application program interface (API)
A segment of programming code that can be used by many programs. An API can be a routine, protocol, or tool used to build a software application.
application service provider (ASP)
A vendor that offers an IS provided remotely.
barcode scanner
A device used to identify patients or medication, manage medication, track test specimens, and so on. The device reads a barcode and inputs the data into an IS.
card or badge scanner
A device used for security and convenience that scans a card or badge to transfer data or detect identity.
client-server architecture
A network architecture in which client computers rely on services or resources provided by a server computer.
cloud computing
Applications and data stored on remote computers on the Internet made available through a browser.
default gateway
The IP address of a router that should receive all requests for communication with computers outside the local network.
disk image
The contents of a hard drive including configuration settings and applications stored so the contents can be replicated to another computer.
document scanner
A device used to scan paper documents into an electronic image or document.
domain controller
The server that administers the user account information, authenticates usernames and passwords, and enforces security policy.
domain name service (DNS)
A service that resolves domain names into the IP address that the network uses to reach the correct computer on the network.
dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP)
The service running on a router or other network device that automatically assigns an IP address to a computer or device when it joins the network.
dynamic IP address
An IP address assigned by DHCP.
extensible markup language (XML)
A markup language used to write a new markup language. Using XML, you can create your own HTML tags.
fiber optic
Strings of glass or plastic in a cable where data is sent as pulses of light. Also called fiber.
file transfer protocol (FTP)
A method to communicate over a network electronically. This communication method enables documents to be placed on and copied from a remote server. FTP is great for sharing large files with other people who also have access to the FTP server.
A protocol standard for exchanging files over the Internet or an intranet.
hot swappable
A device or piece of equipment that does not require a reboot to establish a connection and function.
hypertext markup language (HTML)
A common markup language used for developing web pages.
hypertext preprocessor (PHP)
An open source, server-side, HTML embedded scripting language used to create dynamic web pages.
hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
An application protocol that defines how data is sent to and from a web server on the web.
hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS)
A secure version of HTTP that encrypts data sent to and from a web server.
IEEE 1394
A standard for a hot-swappable port generally used for transferring multimedia data. Also called Firewire.
infrastructure
A centralized network. Devices connect to an access point to join the network.
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
A service that hosts hardware remotely needed for cloud computing. Organizations are allowed to use the hardware to host operating systems and software belonging to the organization.
Internet modem
A device used to convert the signal from the ISP to Ethernet used by the router and local network.
Internet Protocol (IP)
A protocol used in TCP/IP networks at the network layer of the OSI model. IP is responsible for finding the best path to a destination and breaking down messages into packets small enough to travel through the network and reassembling the packets when received.
Internet service provider (ISP)
An organization that provides access to the Internet.
intranet
The private network that is secured within a facility. All intranets use the TCP/IP suite of protocols also used on the Internet.
IP address
The address used to identify a computer or other device on a TCP/IP network. A TCP/IP version 4 IP address has 32 bits, and a TCP/IP version 6 address has 128 bits.
ipconfig
A command used in the command prompt window to display the TCP/IP network configuration values.
local area network (LAN)
A small network of computers or other connected devices covering a small area such as a home, business, school, or airport.
mainframe
A large-scale computer that supports many users and client computers
network address translation (NAT)
A router or other gateway device substitutes its own IP address for the IP address of computers behind the firewall that it is protecting
Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model)
A description of all communication on a network expressed as seven layers.
parallel communication
A process of sending data several bits at a time through several streams simultaneously.
ping
A command used in the command prompt window to send a request to another device to find out if the two devices can communicate on the network.
Platform as a Service (Paas)
A service that hosts hardware and operating systems remotely needed for cloud computing. Organizations are allowed to use the hardware and operating system to host the software belonging to the organization
port
A number assigned to a client or server application that serves as an address to the application, which the OS uses to get network communication to the correct application. Common port assignments are designated by TCP/IP. Also called a port number or port address
port forwarding
Communication from outside the network is allowed past the firewall only to a specific computer and port
print server
A server that connects computers and other devices on a network with printers on the same network. Also called printer server
network address translation (NAT)
A router or other gateway device substitutes its own IP address for the IP address of computers behind the firewall that it is protecting.
remote authentication dial in user services (RADIUS)
A protocol and system used to authenticate access to a network. User passwords to the network are sent over the network encrypted using the RADIUS encryption standard.
remote desktop protocol (RDP)
A protocol developed by Microsoft and used with the Remote Desktop Connection utility that allows a user to connect to a remote computer over a network.
router
A network device that separates one network from another. The router logically and physically belongs to both networks.
serial communication
A process of sending data one bit at a time through a single stream
service set identifier (SSID)
The name assigned to a wireless access point.
signature pad
A device used to transfer written signatures into an electronic image.
small computer system interface (SCSI)
A standard for a hot-swappable port and storage devices that use these ports. SCSI connections are usually found on servers and are used by hard drives and optical drives.
software-as-a-service (SaaS)
A software delivery method where the hardware hosting the software is housed remotely and organizations are allowed to access the software and that functions as a web-based service.
static IP address
An IP address manually assigned to a computer or device. A static IP address does not change automatically.
structured query language (SQL)
A programming language used to manage data stored in databases.
subnet mask
A series of 1s and 0s that determine which part of an IP address identifies the local network and which part identifies the host.
switch
A device with multiple network ports for connecting devices such as computers, printers, or servers
T-line
A type of data transmission technology that uses fiber optic cabling. A T1-line transmits up to 1.544 mbps (megabits per second). A T3-line transmits up to 45 mbps
TCP/IP
A suite of protocols used for communication on the Internet or an intranet.
terminal services
Applications or even the entire desktop are made available to a user from a remote server. Only user interaction is presented at the client machine and all other processing takes place at the server. Also called remote desktop service.
tracert
The trace route command is used to trace the path a connection takes to reach a target host
transmission control protocol (TCP)
A protocol used in TCP/IP networks at the transport layer of the OSI model. TCP is responsible for guaranteeing data is received and in the correct order.
universal serial bus (USB)
A standard for a hot-swappable port. USB standard 2.0 (Hi-Speed USB) is approximately 40 times faster than original USB. USB standard 3.0 (SuperSpeed USB) is approximately 10 times faster than USB 2.0
virtualization
One physical machine hosts multiple activities normally implemented on individual machines.
virus definitions
The unique identifiers of a computer virus that antivirus software uses to detect threats and eliminate them. Also called virus signature.
wide area network (WAN)
A network that covers a large area. WANs are used to connect networks together such as when facilities or doctor’s offices connect to the Internet.
Wi-Fi protected access (WPA)
A security protocol used on a wireless LAN that uses TKIP for encryption
Wi-Fi protected access 2 (WPA2)
A security protocol used on a wireless LAN that uses AES for encryption. WPA2 is currently the preferred encryption standard for a wireless LAN.
wired equivalent privacy (WEP)
A security protocol used on a wireless LAN that uses a static encryption key.
wireless access point (WAP or AP)
A device that enables a wireless computer, printer, or other device to connect to a network.
wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)
The wireless standards used for local networks as defined by the IEEE 802.11 specifications
