Chapter 5 - IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses

Question 1

Anycast

Answer 1

An anycast communication flow is a one-to-nearest (from the perspective of a router’s routing table) flow.

Question 2

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

Answer 2

Allows a networked device to self-assign an IP address from the 169.254.0.0/16 network. Note that this address is only usable on the device’s local subnet (meaning that the IP address is not routable).

Question 3

Block size

Answer 3

The number of IP addresses in a subnet, including the subnet’s address and the subnet’s directed broadcast address.

Question 4

Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP)

Answer 4

A legacy broadcast-based protocol used by networked devices to obtain IP address information.

Question 5

Borrowed bits

Answer 5

Bits added to a classful subnet mask.

Question 6

Classful masks

Answer 6

A classful masks is the default subnet mask applied to Class A, B, and C IPv4 networks. Specifically, Class A networks have a classful masks of 255.0.0.0. Class B networks have a classful masks of 255.255.0.0, and Class C networks have a classful masks of 255.255.255.0.

Question 7

Classless interdomain routing (CIDR)

Answer 7

Shortens a classful subnet mask by removing right-justified 1s from a classful mask. As a result, CIDR allows contiguous classful networks to be aggregated. This process is sometimes called route aggregation.

Question 8

Default gateway

Answer 8

The IP address of a router (or multilayer switch) to which a networked device sends traffic destined for a subnet other than the device’s local subnet.

Question 9

Dotted-decimal notation

Answer 9

A method of writing an IPv4 address or subnet mask, where groups of 8 bits (called octets) are separated by periods.

Question 10

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

Answer 10

Dynamically assigns IP address information (for example, IP address, subnet mask, DNS server’s IP address, and default gateway’s IP address) to network devices.

Question 11

Link-local IP address

Answer 11

A link-local IP address is a nonroutable IP address usable only on a local subnet.

Question 12

Multicast

Answer 12

A multicast communication flow is a one-to-many flow.

Question 13

Octet

Answer 13

A grouping of 8 bits. An IPv4 address consists of four octets (that is, a total of 32 bits).

Question 14

Prefix notation

Answer 14

A method of indicating how many bits are in a subnet mask. For example, /24 is prefix notation for a 24-bit subnet mask. Prefix notation is also known as slash notation.

Question 15

Private IP addresses

Answer 15

Specific Class A, B, and C networks have been designed for private use. Although these networks are routable (with the exception of the 169.254.0.0–169.254.255.255 address range), within the organization, service providers do not route these private networks over the public Internet.

Question 16

Unicast

Answer 16

A unicast communication flow is a one-to-one flow.

Question 17

Zeroconf

Answer 17

A technology that performs three basic functions: assigning link-local IP addresses, resolving computer names to IP addresses, and locating network services.