Chapter 5 Integumentary System

Question 1

Function of the skin

Answer 1

Protection, Body temperature regulation, Cutaneous sensation, Metabolic function (vitamin D) , Blood reservoir, and Secretion/Excretion (sweat glands)

Question 2

Skin composed of 2 distinct layers

Answer 2

Epidermis:stratified squamous epithelium
Dermis-connective

Question 3

Epidermis is composed of 4 different types of cells

Answer 3

Keratinocytes, Langerhans cells, Merkel cells, Melanocytes

Question 4

Keratinocytes

Answer 4

Produce keratin (intermediate filaments)
Connected by desmosomes
Arises from a deeper mitotically active layer
Dead at surface turnover 25-45 days

Question 5

Langerhans cells

Answer 5

Dendritic cells
Activate immune system
Help produce the inflammatory

Question 6

Merkel Cells

Answer 6

Epidermal-dermal junction
Associated with sensory nerve endings
Receptor for touch

Question 7

Melanocytes

Answer 7

Synthesize melanin
Found in deepest layer

Question 8

How many layer does a epidermis have

Answer 8

Many have 4 or 5 different layers

Question 9

Stratum Basal layer

Answer 9

4 layer; deepest layer; attached to dermis single row of youngest keratinocytes melanocytes cell

Question 10

Stratum spinosum

Answer 10

3 layer, several layers thick flat irregular shaped keratinocytes desmosomes attached; produce lots of keratin; to withstand friction

Question 11

Stratum Granulosum

Answer 11

2 layer; 3-5 layers thick- nuclei and organelles disintegrate accumulate keratohyalin granules

Question 12

Stratum corneum

Answer 12

1 layer; 20-30 layer thick glycolipids between cells statum ledum;only in thick skin(palms and soles)

Question 13

The dermis has 2 layer of connective tissue which include other cell types and structures. WHat are they

Answer 13

Dermal papillary and reticular layer

Question 14

Dermal papillary

Answer 14

Papillary layer of dermis; 20% percent of the epidermis

Question 15

Reticular layer of the dermis

Answer 15

Dense irregular connective tissue 80% of epidermis; collagen

Question 16

Cleavage lines

Answer 16

Fibers are organized; dense irregular;cut with a cleavage line to not have scar
Collagen fibers arranged in bundles form. Cleavages (tension) lines
Incisions made parallel to cleavage line heal more readily
Flexure lines