Chapter 5 - Infection Control

Question 1

OSHA

Answer 1

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees.

Regulates exposure to toxic substances.
Informs about the possible hazards of materials.

Addresses the handling, mixing, storing and disposing of products and general safety.

Question 2

MSDS

Answer 2

Material Safety Data Sheet

By the manufacturer product safety: names of hazardous ingredients, safe handling, flammability, use procedures and precautions of overexposure, disposal, medical first aid information

Question 3

EPA

Answer 3

Environmental Protection Agency

Registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the U.S.

They do not grade disinfectants, it’s approved or not.

Question 4

Disinfectant

Answer 4

Chemical products that destroy all bacteria, fungi, and viruses on surfaces.

Does not kill spores.

Against federal law to use product contrary to labeling.

Question 5

Disease

Answer 5

Abnormal condition of all or part of the body that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function.

Question 6

Clean

Answer 6

Mechanical process using soap and water to remove all visible dirt and debris and MANY disease causing germs

Question 7

Disinfect/Sanitize

Answer 7

Process that destroys MOST harmful organisms on environmental surfaces.

Non porous

Question 8

What qualities must a disinfectant have?

Answer 8

Bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal

Question 9

Bacteria

Answer 9

One called microorganism that have both plant and animal characteristics.

Can only be seen with a microscope and can replicate on its own.

Question 10

Pathogenic

Answer 10

Harmful microorganismo that can cause disease or infection when they invade the body

Question 11

Non Pathogenic

Answer 11

Harmless organisms that perform useful functions. Make yogurt, cheese, medicine, breakdown food, protect from infection.

Question 12

What are the three shapes/classifications of pathogenic bacteria?

Answer 12

Cocci - round

Bacilli - rods

Spirilla - spiral

Question 13

Cocci

Answer 13

Round shaped appear singly or in groups

Rarely show motility

Question 14

Staphylococci

Answer 14

Look like bunches of grapes (clusters)

Pus forming, cause abscesses and boils

Food Poisoning
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Pimple

Question 15

Streptococci

Answer 15

String of beads (curved lines)

Pus forming cause strep throats and blood poisoning

Question 16

Diplococci

Answer 16

Round pairs (balls)

Cause pneumonia

Question 17

Bacilli

Answer 17

Short Rod shape
Most common

Cause lockjaw (tetanus), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.

Question 18

Spirilla

Answer 18

Spiral/corkscrew

Sub categories:
treponema palladium - causes syphilis std
Borrelia burgdorferi - causes Lyme disease

Question 19

Flagella

Answer 19

Move snake like

Hair like extensions

Question 20

Cilia

Answer 20

Move rowing like

Question 21

Decontamination

Answer 21

The removal of blood or other potentially infectious material of an items surface.

Porous and non porous

Question 22

Decontamination : Method 1

Answer 22

Cleaning and disinfecting

Question 23

Decontamination: Method 2

Answer 23

Cleaning and sterilization through autoclave with steam and pressure.

Question 24

Sterilization

Answer 24

The process that destroys ALL microbial life including spores

Question 25

Is hospital grade a term used to classify disinfectants?

Answer 25

No. A disinfectant is either EPA approved or not. EPA registers hospital disinfectants.

Question 26

What are the two types of disinfectants?

Answer 26

Hospital and Tuberculocidal

Question 27

Non Pourous

Answer 27

An item has no pores or openings to absorb liquids.

Question 28

Disease

Answer 28

An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, that make it incapable of carrying on normal function

Question 29

Hospital Disinfectants

Answer 29

Effectively clean blood and body fluids on non porous surfaces

Question 30

Tuberculocidal Disinfectant

Answer 30

Capable of killing the bacteria that causes tuberculosis, which is capable of forming spores making it difficult to kill

Question 31

Infectious

Answer 31

Caused by pathogenic organisms or capable of being transmitted by infection

Question 32

Efficacy

Answer 32

The effectiveness of a disinfectant product

Question 33

Infection

Answer 33

The invasion of body tissues by disease causing pathogens

Question 34

Four types of potentially harmful organisms…

Answer 34

Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Parasites

Question 35

Infection Control

Answer 35

Method used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms

Question 36

What are the two types of bacteria?

Answer 36

Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic

Question 37

Virus

Answer 37

A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms.

Only capable of replicating by taking over the host cell’s reproductive function

Question 38

Which bacteria are capable of movement?

Answer 38

Bacilli and Spirilla

Question 39

What is the division of a cell which forms daughter cells?

Answer 39

Binary Fission

Question 40

Stages of bacterial life

Answer 40

Active (vegetative) - reproduction

Inactive (spore forming) - wax like shell

Question 41

Pus

Answer 41

Fluid, sign of bacterial infection. Contains white blood cells, bacteria, and dead cells

Question 42

Two types of infection

Answer 42

Local and systemic

Question 43

MRSA - Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

Answer 43

Antibiotic resistant staph infection