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ASEP Level 1 > Chapter 5 Hand tools and shop equipment > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Hand tools and shop equipment Flashcards

1
Q

What year did the metric system become the official measurement system in canada?

A

1970

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2
Q

The basic unit of imperial measurement is?

A

Inch

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3
Q

The basic unit of metric measurement is?

A

Metre

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4
Q

What are fasteners?

A

Things used to hold/secure parts of things together

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5
Q

What is the most common type of fastener in automotive?

A

Threaded

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6
Q

How are the threads created on a threaded fastener?

A

Cut or rolled

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7
Q

Which is better, cut or rolled threads?

A

Rolled threads are 30% stronger and have better fatigue resistance

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8
Q

What are the main types of thread?

A

Coarse and Fine

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9
Q

When do you use coarse threaded fasteners?

A

-General purpose work
-When rapid assembly/disassembly is required

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10
Q

When do you use fine threaded fasteners?

A

-When greater holding force is necessary
-When greater resistance to vibration is needed

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11
Q

Bolts defining characteristics?

A

-Head on one end, threads on the other
-Shoulder below the head (No threads)
-Threads do not travel from the head to the end
(interrupted by the shoulder)

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12
Q

How are bolts identified?

A

-Head size
-Shank diameter
-Thread pitch
-Length
-Grade

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13
Q

Cap Screws Characteristics

A

-Similiar to bolts
-No shoulder

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14
Q

Can you use a Cap Screw in place of a bolt

A

No

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15
Q

Stud defining characteristics

A

-Rods with threads on both ends.

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16
Q

How do studs work?

A

-One end of the stud is threaded into a threaded bore (hole)
-A hole in the part to be secured is fitted in place over the free end of the stud and held in place with a nut

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17
Q

Do the threads on a stud have to be the same on both ends?

A

-No, Studs often have a fine and coarse end

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18
Q

When are studs used?

A

-When the clamping pressures of fine thread are needed but a bolt wont work.
-When the material that the stud is being threaded into is soft or coarse the threads must be coarse

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19
Q

How is having fine thread on one end and coarse on the other helpful

A

-It allows you to have the clamping power of fine threads with the holding force of coarse

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20
Q

When are nuts used?

A

-When the threaded fastener is not threaded into a work

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21
Q

What is the most common type of nut?

A

-Hex nut

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22
Q

Why use lock nuts?

A

-When vibration my loosen a regular nut over time.

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23
Q

Types of lock nut

A

-Nuts with a nylon insert that cushions the vibrations
-Nuts that are distorted to provide resistance to thread movement

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24
Q

What are Setscrews?

A

-Screws used to prevent rotary movement between two parts

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25
Q

Setscrew Characteristics

A

-Either square headed
-Or headless (need to use an allen wrench or screwdriver to remove)

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26
Q

Machine screws characteristics

A

-Threaded from the head to the tip
-Have a head on one side and a flat tip on the other
-Round, flat, torx, oval, or fillister head

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27
Q

When are Machine screws used?

A

-Mount one piece to another with a threaded bore
-Can also be used with a nut to hold pieces together

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28
Q

What are self tapping screws?

A

-Screws that make their own threads into the material they are threaded into.

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29
Q

Is the size of the head and the size of the bolt are the same?

A

-No, It varies with the diameter of the bolt but it does not dictate the size of the bolt, just the size of the wrench

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30
Q

Bolt head uses

A

-Used to tighten and loosen bolts
-Wrenches and sockets fit over it

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31
Q

How is the size of a bolt determined?

A

-Diameter of its shank

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32
Q

What is bolt diameter?

A

-Measurement across the major diameter of the thread or the shank

33
Q

What is Thread Pitch (Imperial)

A

-The number of threads per inch

34
Q

What is Thread Pitch (Metric)

A

-The distance (in mm) between two adjacent threads
-Distance varies between 1.0 and 2.0 (lower is smaller)

35
Q

What does tensile strength or grade refer to?

A

-The amount of stress or stretch that a bolt is able to withstand before it breaks

36
Q

What determines a bolts grade?

A

-Type of material
-Diameter of bolt

37
Q

How is the grade of a bolt indicated (Imperial)

A

-Number of radial lines on the bolts head
-More lines=Stronger
-Count the number of lines and add two to get the grade
-Id by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

38
Q

What is Yield strength?

A

-How much stress a bot can take before it will no longer return back to its original shape without damage

39
Q

How is the grade of a bolt indicated (Metric)

A

-Property class number on the bolt head
-1st number=Tensile strength
-2nd number=Yield Strength (Number is a % of the Tensile)
-Id by the International Organization for standardization (ISO)

40
Q

How are nuts graded?

A

-To match with their respective bolts
-Imperial uses dots
-Metric uses numbers

41
Q

What is a bolts fillet?

A

-Smooth curve where the shank meets the head

42
Q

What is the most common type of break?

A

-Fatigue breaks
-Caused by the bolt being too loose and working back and forth

43
Q

What happens when a bolt is tightened?

A

-The bolt will stretched and become “Spring loaded” against the part that it is holding
-Over tightening causes over stretching

44
Q

How much is a properly tightend bolt normally streached?

A

-70% of its elastic limit

45
Q

What is an elastic limit?

A

-The limit that the bolt will stretch and still be able to return to its original shape

46
Q

Why are flat washers used?

A

-To spread out the load of tightening a nut or bolt

47
Q

Why are compression and copper washers used?

A

-To spread the load and help seal one component to another
-Ex. Oil pan drain bolts

48
Q

Why use anti seize Lubricant?

A

-To stop a bolt from becoming hard to removed over time.
-Ex.In an aluminum engine block

49
Q

Why use thread sealants

A

-To prevent liquids from seeping past the threads

50
Q

Why use thread lock?

A

-Prevent bolt from working loose over time

51
Q

Define Hydrostatic Lock

A

-When a liquid is trapped in a blind hole, the bolt cannot compress the liquid so it cannot be properly tightened.
-Damage can occur, even a severe as a cracked block

52
Q

Thread pitch gauge

A

-Tool used to provide a quick and accurate measurement of thread pitch

53
Q

Hand Tap

A

-Tool used for hand cutting internal threads

54
Q

Hand threading die

A

-Tool used to hand cut external threads

55
Q

Threaded inserts

A

-Used when threads in a bore are excessively damaged
-Drill the hole out bigger and install an insert with the original threads

56
Q

Why should you never pry, strike drop or force measuring tools?

A

-Doing so may cause damage as measuring tools are very delicate

57
Q

What is a Machinists rule?

A

-Looks very much like an ordinary ruler but is much more precise

58
Q

What is a Vernire Caliper

A

-A measuring tool that can make inside, outside and depth measurments.

59
Q

Characteristics of all Vernier Calipers

A

-A moveable scale parallel to a fixed scale
-Has both metric and imperial options on the tool

60
Q

Characteristics of the metric part of Vernier Calipers

A

-Main scale is divided into Cm which are divided by 10mm graduations
-The Vernier scale is divided into 50 equal divisions; each representing 0.02mm

61
Q

Characteristics of Imperial part of Vernier Calipers

A

-Main scale is divided into inches which are divided into 10 equal parts of 0.100 of an inch
-The Vernier scale is divided into 25 equal divisions each representing 0.001 of an inch

62
Q

How to read a Vernier caliper

A

-Combine the main and Vernier scale numbers
-Only one line on the vernier scale will line up with the main scale

63
Q

What is a dial Caliper

A

-An easier to use version of a vernier caliper
-Available in metric or imperial

64
Q

Characteristics of metric Dial Calipers

A

-Measure from 0-150mm (typically) in increments of 0.02mm
-Bar scale is divided into 2mm increments (one rotation of the dial indicator needle)

65
Q

Characteristics of all Dial Calipers

A

-Depth scale
-Bar scale
-Inside measurement jaws
-Outside measurement Jaws
-Use a thumb operated roll nob for fine adjustments
-Accurate to 0.05mm or 0.002 of an inch

66
Q

Characteristics of Imperial dial Calipers

A

-Main scale is divided into graduations of 1/10th (0.1) of an inch (one rotation of the dial indicator needle)
-The dial indicator is divided into graduations of one thousanths of an inch (0.001)

67
Q

What is a Micrometer

A

-The preferred method when very precise measurements are desired
-Measures inside and outside linear dimensions

68
Q

Characteristics of a Micrometer

A

-Parts include the frame, anvil, spindle, locknut, sleeve, sleeve numbers, sleeve longline, thimble marks, thimble and ratchet.
-Measure with accuracy up to 0.01mm or 0.001inch

69
Q

What is a telescoping gauge also sometimes called?

A

-Also Known as a Snap Gauge

70
Q

What is a telescoping gauge?

A

-A measuring tool used to measure bore diameters and other clearances

71
Q

Telescoping gauge characteristics

A

-Consists of two telescoping plungers, a handle and a lock screw
-Availible in a verity of sizes normally ranging from approx 7mm(1/4inch) to 150mm(6inch)

72
Q

What is a small hole gauge also known as?

A

-Also known as a Ball Gauge

73
Q

Small hole gauge characteristics

A

-Works like a telescoping gauge but is ment to be used on small bores.
-Consists of a lock, handle, and expanding end

74
Q

What is a feeler gauge

A

-A small strip of thin metal or plastic used to measure gaps/clearance

75
Q

What is a dial indicator?

A
  • A tools used to measure movment
76
Q

Why use a flair nut wrench?

A
  • They surround the nut more than an open-ended wrench
    -Are less likely to round the nut, especially one made of a softer material like on brake line fittings
77
Q

When do you use a crawfoot wrench adapter?

A

-Typically used when a hex fitting is used on a line or fitting that is in a restricted or shrouded area that prevents the use of a regular socket

78
Q

Steps for an accurate reading with a torque wrench

A
  1. Locate the specs/procedures for a job
  2. Divide the torque spec into three
    3.Hold the wrench so that it is 90degrees from the fastener being tightened
    4.Tighten to 1/3 of the spec
    5.Tighten to 2/3 of the spec
  3. Tighten to within 11ftlbs of the spec
  4. Tighten to spec
    8.Recheck
79
Q
A

ASEP Level 1 (4 decks)

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