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ASEP Level 1 > Chapter 5 Hand tools and shop equipment > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Hand tools and shop equipment Flashcards

1
Q

What year did the metric system become the official measurement system in canada?

A

1970

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2
Q

The basic unit of imperial measurement is?

A

Inch

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3
Q

The basic unit of metric measurement is?

A

Metre

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4
Q

What are fasteners?

A

Things used to hold/secure parts of things together

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5
Q

What is the most common type of fastener in automotive?

A

Threaded

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6
Q

How are the threads created on a threaded fastener?

A

Cut or rolled

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7
Q

Which is better, cut or rolled threads?

A

Rolled threads are 30% stronger and have better fatigue resistance

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8
Q

What are the main types of thread?

A

Coarse and Fine

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9
Q

When do you use coarse threaded fasteners?

A

-General purpose work
-When rapid assembly/disassembly is required

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10
Q

When do you use fine threaded fasteners?

A

-When greater holding force is necessary
-When greater resistance to vibration is needed

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11
Q

Bolts defining characteristics?

A

-Head on one end, threads on the other
-Shoulder below the head (No threads)
-Threads do not travel from the head to the end
(interrupted by the shoulder)

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12
Q

How are bolts identified?

A

-Head size
-Shank diameter
-Thread pitch
-Length
-Grade

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13
Q

Cap Screws Characteristics

A

-Similiar to bolts
-No shoulder

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14
Q

Can you use a Cap Screw in place of a bolt

A

No

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15
Q

Stud defining characteristics

A

-Rods with threads on both ends.

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16
Q

How do studs work?

A

-One end of the stud is threaded into a threaded bore (hole)
-A hole in the part to be secured is fitted in place over the free end of the stud and held in place with a nut

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17
Q

Do the threads on a stud have to be the same on both ends?

A

-No, Studs often have a fine and coarse end

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18
Q

When are studs used?

A

-When the clamping pressures of fine thread are needed but a bolt wont work.
-When the material that the stud is being threaded into is soft or coarse the threads must be coarse

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19
Q

How is having fine thread on one end and coarse on the other helpful

A

-It allows you to have the clamping power of fine threads with the holding force of coarse

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20
Q

When are nuts used?

A

-When the threaded fastener is not threaded into a work

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21
Q

What is the most common type of nut?

A

-Hex nut

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22
Q

Why use lock nuts?

A

-When vibration my loosen a regular nut over time.

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23
Q

Types of lock nut

A

-Nuts with a nylon insert that cushions the vibrations
-Nuts that are distorted to provide resistance to thread movement

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24
Q

What are Setscrews?

A

-Screws used to prevent rotary movement between two parts

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25
Setscrew Characteristics
-Either square headed -Or headless (need to use an allen wrench or screwdriver to remove)
26
Machine screws characteristics
-Threaded from the head to the tip -Have a head on one side and a flat tip on the other -Round, flat, torx, oval, or fillister head
27
When are Machine screws used?
-Mount one piece to another with a threaded bore -Can also be used with a nut to hold pieces together
28
What are self tapping screws?
-Screws that make their own threads into the material they are threaded into.
29
Is the size of the head and the size of the bolt are the same?
-No, It varies with the diameter of the bolt but it does not dictate the size of the bolt, just the size of the wrench
30
Bolt head uses
-Used to tighten and loosen bolts -Wrenches and sockets fit over it
31
How is the size of a bolt determined?
-Diameter of its shank
32
What is bolt diameter?
-Measurement across the major diameter of the thread or the shank
33
What is Thread Pitch (Imperial)
-The number of threads per inch
34
What is Thread Pitch (Metric)
-The distance (in mm) between two adjacent threads -Distance varies between 1.0 and 2.0 (lower is smaller)
35
What does tensile strength or grade refer to?
-The amount of stress or stretch that a bolt is able to withstand before it breaks
36
What determines a bolts grade?
-Type of material -Diameter of bolt
37
How is the grade of a bolt indicated (Imperial)
-Number of radial lines on the bolts head -More lines=Stronger -Count the number of lines and add two to get the grade -Id by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
38
What is Yield strength?
-How much stress a bot can take before it will no longer return back to its original shape without damage
39
How is the grade of a bolt indicated (Metric)
-Property class number on the bolt head -1st number=Tensile strength -2nd number=Yield Strength (Number is a % of the Tensile) -Id by the International Organization for standardization (ISO)
40
How are nuts graded?
-To match with their respective bolts -Imperial uses dots -Metric uses numbers
41
What is a bolts fillet?
-Smooth curve where the shank meets the head
42
What is the most common type of break?
-Fatigue breaks -Caused by the bolt being too loose and working back and forth
43
What happens when a bolt is tightened?
-The bolt will stretched and become "Spring loaded" against the part that it is holding -Over tightening causes over stretching
44
How much is a properly tightend bolt normally streached?
-70% of its elastic limit
45
What is an elastic limit?
-The limit that the bolt will stretch and still be able to return to its original shape
46
Why are flat washers used?
-To spread out the load of tightening a nut or bolt
47
Why are compression and copper washers used?
-To spread the load and help seal one component to another -Ex. Oil pan drain bolts
48
Why use anti seize Lubricant?
-To stop a bolt from becoming hard to removed over time. -Ex.In an aluminum engine block
49
Why use thread sealants
-To prevent liquids from seeping past the threads
50
Why use thread lock?
-Prevent bolt from working loose over time
51
Define Hydrostatic Lock
-When a liquid is trapped in a blind hole, the bolt cannot compress the liquid so it cannot be properly tightened. -Damage can occur, even a severe as a cracked block
52
Thread pitch gauge
-Tool used to provide a quick and accurate measurement of thread pitch
53
Hand Tap
-Tool used for hand cutting internal threads
54
Hand threading die
-Tool used to hand cut external threads
55
Threaded inserts
-Used when threads in a bore are excessively damaged -Drill the hole out bigger and install an insert with the original threads
56
Why should you never pry, strike drop or force measuring tools?
-Doing so may cause damage as measuring tools are very delicate
57
What is a Machinists rule?
-Looks very much like an ordinary ruler but is much more precise
58
What is a Vernire Caliper
-A measuring tool that can make inside, outside and depth measurments.
59
Characteristics of all Vernier Calipers
-A moveable scale parallel to a fixed scale -Has both metric and imperial options on the tool
60
Characteristics of the metric part of Vernier Calipers
-Main scale is divided into Cm which are divided by 10mm graduations -The Vernier scale is divided into 50 equal divisions; each representing 0.02mm
61
Characteristics of Imperial part of Vernier Calipers
-Main scale is divided into inches which are divided into 10 equal parts of 0.100 of an inch -The Vernier scale is divided into 25 equal divisions each representing 0.001 of an inch
62
How to read a Vernier caliper
-Combine the main and Vernier scale numbers -Only one line on the vernier scale will line up with the main scale
63
What is a dial Caliper
-An easier to use version of a vernier caliper -Available in metric or imperial
64
Characteristics of metric Dial Calipers
-Measure from 0-150mm (typically) in increments of 0.02mm -Bar scale is divided into 2mm increments (one rotation of the dial indicator needle)
65
Characteristics of all Dial Calipers
-Depth scale -Bar scale -Inside measurement jaws -Outside measurement Jaws -Use a thumb operated roll nob for fine adjustments -Accurate to 0.05mm or 0.002 of an inch
66
Characteristics of Imperial dial Calipers
-Main scale is divided into graduations of 1/10th (0.1) of an inch (one rotation of the dial indicator needle) -The dial indicator is divided into graduations of one thousanths of an inch (0.001)
67
What is a Micrometer
-The preferred method when very precise measurements are desired -Measures inside and outside linear dimensions
68
Characteristics of a Micrometer
-Parts include the frame, anvil, spindle, locknut, sleeve, sleeve numbers, sleeve longline, thimble marks, thimble and ratchet. -Measure with accuracy up to 0.01mm or 0.001inch
69
What is a telescoping gauge also sometimes called?
-Also Known as a Snap Gauge
70
What is a telescoping gauge?
-A measuring tool used to measure bore diameters and other clearances
71
Telescoping gauge characteristics
-Consists of two telescoping plungers, a handle and a lock screw -Availible in a verity of sizes normally ranging from approx 7mm(1/4inch) to 150mm(6inch)
72
What is a small hole gauge also known as?
-Also known as a Ball Gauge
73
Small hole gauge characteristics
-Works like a telescoping gauge but is ment to be used on small bores. -Consists of a lock, handle, and expanding end
74
What is a feeler gauge
-A small strip of thin metal or plastic used to measure gaps/clearance
75
What is a dial indicator?
- A tools used to measure movment
76
Why use a flair nut wrench?
- They surround the nut more than an open-ended wrench -Are less likely to round the nut, especially one made of a softer material like on brake line fittings
77
When do you use a crawfoot wrench adapter?
-Typically used when a hex fitting is used on a line or fitting that is in a restricted or shrouded area that prevents the use of a regular socket
78
Steps for an accurate reading with a torque wrench
1. Locate the specs/procedures for a job 2. Divide the torque spec into three 3.Hold the wrench so that it is 90degrees from the fastener being tightened 4.Tighten to 1/3 of the spec 5.Tighten to 2/3 of the spec 6. Tighten to within 11ftlbs of the spec 7. Tighten to spec 8.Recheck
79

ASEP Level 1 (4 decks)

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