Chapter 5: Ground Rules Of Metabolism

Question 1

What is energy?

Answer 1

capacity to do work

Question 2

thermodynamics?

Answer 2

study of energy transformations

Question 3

1st law of thermodynamics?

Answer 3

energy can be neither created nor destroyed

Question 4

2nd law of thermodynamics?

Answer 4

each time energy is transferred or transformed, the entropy of the universe increases

Question 5

Endergonic reactions?

Answer 5

requires the input of energy (reactants have less potential energy than products)

Question 6

Exergonic reactions?

Answer 6

release energy (reactants have more potential energy than products)

Question 7

activation energy?

Answer 7

minimum amt of energy required to start a chemical reaction

Question 8

substrate?

Answer 8

reactants that a particular enzyme can act upon

Question 9

active site?

Answer 9

area where substrates can enter enzyme

Question 10

induced fit?

Answer 10

molecular hug

Question 11

denature?

Answer 11

change shape of enzyme so it no longer works correctly

Question 12

passive transport?

Answer 12

requires no energy input

Question 13

diffusion?

Answer 13

spontaneous spreading of molecules or ions

Question 14

osmosis?

Answer 14

the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane

Question 15

phagocytosis?

Answer 15

cell eating