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UC Health EMT > Chapter 5 Glossary- Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Glossary- Medical Terminology Flashcards

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1
Q

abdominal quadrants

A

four divisions of the abdomen used to pinpoint the location of a pain or injury

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2
Q

anatomic position

A

the standard reference position for the body in the study of anatomy. in this position, the body is standing erect, facing the observer, with arms down at the sides and the palms of the hands forward.

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3
Q

anatomy

A

the study of body structure.

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4
Q

anterior

A

the front of the body or body part.

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5
Q

bilateral

A

on both sides.

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6
Q

combining form

A

a word root with an added vowel that can be joined with other words, roots, or suffixes to form a new word; for example, the combining form therm/o added to meter makes the new word thermometer.

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7
Q

compound

A

a word formed from two or more while words; for example, the compound smallpox formed from small and pox.

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8
Q

distal

A

farther away from the torso. see also proximal.

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9
Q

dorsal

A

referring to the back of the body or the back of the hand or foot. a synonym for posterior.

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10
Q

Fowler position

A

a sitting position.

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11
Q

inferior

A

away from the head, usually compared with another structure that is closer to the head (e.g., the lips are inferior to the nose).

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12
Q

lateral

A

to the side, away from the midline of the body.

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13
Q

medial

A

toward the midline of the body.

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14
Q

mid-axillary line

A

a line drawn vertically from the middle of the armpit to the ankle.

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15
Q

mid-clavicular line

A

the line through the center of each clavicle.

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16
Q

midline

A

an imaginary line drawn down the center of the body dividing it into right and left halves.

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17
Q

palmar

A

referring to the palm of the hand.

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18
Q

physiology

A

the study of the body function.

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19
Q

plane

A

a flat surface formed when slicing through a solid object.

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20
Q

plantar

A

referring to the sole of the foot.

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21
Q

posterior

A

the back of the body or body part.

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22
Q

prefix

A

word part added to the beginning of a root or word to modify or qualify its meaning; for example, the prefix bi-added to the word lateral forms the word bilateral.

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23
Q

prone

A

lying face down.

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24
Q

proximal

A

closer to the torso. see also distal.

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25
Q

recovery position

A

lying on the side. also called lateral recumbent position.

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26
Q

root

A

foundation of a word that is not a word that can stand on its own, for example, the root cardi, meaning “heart”, in words such as cardiac and cardiology.

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27
Q

suffix

A

word part added to the end of a root or word to complete its meaning; for example, the suffix -otis added to the root laryng forms the word laryngitis.

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28
Q

superior

A

toward the head (e.g., the chest is superior to the abdomen).

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29
Q

supine

A

lying on the back.

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30
Q

torso

A

the trunk of the body or the body without the head and the extremities.

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31
Q

unilateral

A

limited to one side.

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32
Q

ventral

A

referring to the front of the body. a synonym for anterior.

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33
Q

bronchi/pulmo

A

lungs

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34
Q

cardi

A

heart

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35
Q

gastro

A

stomach

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36
Q

hepat

A

liver

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37
Q

neur

A

nerve

38
Q

nas

A

nose/nasal

39
Q

or

A

mouth/oral

40
Q

pneumo

A

air or lungs

41
Q

ab-

A

away from

42
Q

ad-

A

toward or near

43
Q

ante-

A

before

44
Q

brady-

A

slow/below normal

45
Q

contra-

A

against

46
Q

dys

A

difficult or painful

47
Q

hyper-

A

above normal, high

48
Q

hypo-

A

below normal, low

49
Q

inter-

A

between

50
Q

peri-

A

around

51
Q

poly-

A

many

52
Q

post-

A

after

53
Q

pre-

A

before

54
Q

super/supra-

A

above or in excess

55
Q

tachy-

A

above normal, rapid

56
Q

uni-

A

one

57
Q

-ac

A

pertaining to

58
Q

-algia

A

pain

59
Q

-emesis

A

vomiting

60
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

61
Q

-ology

A

study of

62
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

63
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

64
Q

-rrhea

A

discharge

65
Q

-spasm

A

contraction

66
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

67
Q

-ist

A

one who specializes in

68
Q

acetabulum

A

the pelvic socket into which the ball at the proximal end of the femur fits to form the hip joint.

69
Q

acromioclavicular joint

A

the joint where the acromion and the clavicle meet.

70
Q

acromion process

A

the highest portion of the shoulder.

71
Q

alveoli

A

the microscopic sacs of the lungs where has exchange with the bloodstream takes place.

72
Q

anatomy

A

the study of body structure.

73
Q

aorta

A

the largest artery in the body. it transports blood form the left ventricle to begin systemic circulation.

74
Q

appendix

A

a small tube located near the junction of the small and large intestines in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, the funcion of which is not well understood. its inflammation, called appendicitis, is a common cause of abdominal pain.

75
Q

arteriole

A

the smallest kind of artery.

76
Q

artery

A

any blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart.

77
Q

atria

A

the two upper chambers of the heart. there is a right atrium (which receives unoxygenated blood returning from the body) and a left atrium (which receives oxygenated blood returning from the lungs).

78
Q

automaticity

A

the ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own.

79
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary motor functions.

80
Q

bladder

A

the round sac-like organ of the renal system used as a reservoir for urine.

81
Q

blood pressure

A

the pressure caused by blood exerting force against the walls of the blood vessels. usually arterial blood pressure (the pressure in an artery) is measured.

82
Q

brachial artery

A

artery of the upper arms; the site of the lules checked during infant CPR.

83
Q

bronchi

A

the two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs. there are right and left branchi.

84
Q

calcaneus

A

the heel bone.

85
Q

capillary

A

a thin-walled, microscopic blood vessel where the oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body’s cells takes place.

86
Q

cardiac conduction system

A

a system of specialized muscle tissues that conducts electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat.

87
Q

cardiac muscle

A

specialized involuntary muscle found only in the heart.

88
Q

cardiovascular system

A

the system made up of the heart and the blood vessels. sometimes called the circulatory system.

89
Q

carotid arteries

A

the large neck arrteries, one on each side of the neck, that carry blood from the heart to the head.

90
Q

carpals

A

the wrist bones.

91
Q

central nervous system (CNS)

A

the brain and spinal cord.

UC Health EMT (9 decks)

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