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Private pilot license > Chapter 5 Flight Instruments > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flight Instruments Flashcards

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Charter Pilot (Part 135) - Oral flashcards
1
Q

Atmospheric pressure ___ with a gain in altitude.

A

Decreases

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2
Q

If the pitot tube and outside static vents become clogged, which instruments would be affected?

A

The altimeter, airspeed indicator, and vertical speed indicator

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3
Q

In addition to the airspeed indicator, two additional instruments also refer static air pressure to function:

A

Veer tidal speed indicator, altimeter

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4
Q

Which instrument(s) will read incorrectly or become inoperative if the static vents become clogged?

A

Airspeed, altimeter, and vertical speed

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5
Q

Which instrument will become inoperative if the pitot tube becomes clogged?

A

Airspeed indicator

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6
Q

The white arc of the airspeed indicator represents the airplane’s flap operating range. The beginning or low-speed end of the white are is the ___ stall speed in the landing configuration ( I.e. with flaps fully extended and gear down). It’s is called ___.

A

Power-off, Vso

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7
Q

Vso is defined as the …

A

Stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed in the landing configuration

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8
Q

The high-speed end of the airspeed indicator’s white arc is called the ___ speed, or ___

A

Maximum flap extended, Vfe

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9
Q

Vs1 is defined as the …

A

stalling speed or minimum steady flight speed in a specified configuration

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10
Q

Which V speed represents maximum flap extended speed?

A

Vfe

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11
Q

Vno is defined as the…

A

Maximum structural cruising speed

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12
Q

Which V-speed represents the maximum structural cruising speed?

A

Vno

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13
Q

What does the red line on an airspeed indicator represent?

A

Never-exceed speed

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14
Q

What is an important airspeed limitation that is not color coded on airspeed indicators?

A

Maneuvering speed

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15
Q

Which V-speed represents the maneuvering speed?

A

Va

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16
Q

Which V-speed represents the maximum landing gear extended speed?

A

Vle

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17
Q

Which V-speed represents the maximum landing gear operating speed?

A

Vlo

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18
Q

The number showing on the airspeed indicator is the ___

A

Indicated airspeed

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19
Q

Calibrated airspeed is ___ airspeed corrected for ___ or ___ errors.

A

Indicated, installation, position

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20
Q

Airplanes flying at higher altitudes actually move ___ through the air for a given power setting because of the ___ in density.

A

faster, decrease

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21
Q

As altitude increases and the indicated airspeed at which a given airplane stalls in a particular configuration will…

A

Remain the same regardless of altitude

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22
Q

When making an approach at a high altitude airport, you should:

A

approach at a normal indicated speed

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23
Q

Two atmospheric factors that affect air density, which in turn affects true airspeed, are; ___ and ___.

A

pressure, temperature

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24
Q

What is true altitude?

A

The vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level

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25
Q

What is absolute altitude?

A

The vertical distance of the aircraft above the surface.

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26
Q

An altimeter works by measuring the difference between sea level ___ and pressure at the airplane’s present ___

A

Pressure, altitude

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27
Q

Whatever pressure value you set in the Kollsman window, the altimeter assumes this is the new ___ pressure. Now the altimeter measures the difference between the pressure value set in the Kollsman window and the ___ pressure to obtain your height above sea level.

A

Sea level, outside static

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28
Q

Prior to takeoff, the altimeter should be set to which altitude or altimeter setting?

A

The current local altimeter setting, if available, or the departure airport elevation.

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29
Q

The altimeter setting is the value to which the barometric pressure scale of the altimeter is set so the altimeter indicates…

A

true altitude at field elevation

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30
Q

What causes variations in altimeter settings between weather reporting points?

A

Unequal heating of the earth’s surface

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31
Q

Under what condition is indicated altitude the same as true altitude?

A

When at sea level under standard conditions

32
Q

If it is necessary to set the altimeter from 29.15 to 29.85, what change occurs?

A

700-foot increase in altitude

33
Q

If a pilot changes the altimeter setting from 30.11 to 29.96, what is the approximate change in indication?

A

Altimeter will indicate 150 feet lower

34
Q

If a flight is made from an area of low pressure into an area of high pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the altimeter will indicate…

A

lower than the actual altitude above sea level

35
Q

If a flight is made from an area of high pressure into an area of lower pressure without the altimeter setting being adjusted, the altimeter will indicate…

A

higher than the actual altitude above sea level

36
Q

Under what condition will true altitude be lower than indicated altitude?

A

In colder than standard air temps

37
Q

Which condition would cause the altimeter to indicate a lower altitude than true altitude?

A

Air Temperature warmer than standard

38
Q

How do variations in temp affect the altimeter?

A

Pressure levels are raised on warm days and the indicated altitude is lower than true altitude

39
Q

As you progress along your route of flight you should update your altimeter setting to the nearest source within ___ nautical miles of your position.

A

100

40
Q

If an altimeter setting is not available before flight, to which altitude should the pilot adjust the altimeter?

A

The elevation of the departure area

41
Q

Which of the following is an example of a time where you might use pressure altitude?

A

When using an airplane’s performance chart

42
Q

What is pressure altitude?

A

The altitude indicated when the barometric pressure scale is set to 29.92.

43
Q

Under which condition will pressure altitude be equal to true altitude?

A

When standard atmospheric conditions exist

44
Q

When you set a barometric pressure value of 29.92 into the Kollsman window, the altimeter…

A

reads pressure altitude

45
Q

If it is necessary to change the setting int eh altimeter’s Kollsman window from 29.00 to 29.85, what change occurs?

A

850 foot increase in indicated altitude

46
Q

If it is necessary to change the setting in the altimeter’s Kollsman window from 30.30 to 30.00, what change occurs.

A

300 foot decrease in indicated altitude

47
Q

If it is necessary to change the setting int he altimeter’s Kollsman window from 29.35 to 29.85, what change occurs?

A

500 foot increase in indicated altitude

48
Q

When true altitude and pressure altitude are equal, what conditions exist?

A

Standard atmospheric conditions.

49
Q

Pressure altitude is the height above a ___, which is nothing more than a fancy phrase for ___ reference point. This reference point is what the engineer’s altimeter would have read if temperature and pressure at sea level were 59°F and 29.92” Hg.

A

Standard datum plane, an imaginary

50
Q

The VSI’s needle swings upward or downward reflecting the airplane’s rate of climb or descent. The VSI is calibrated to read in ___

A

feet per minute

51
Q

A plugged static port will prevent any static air pressure change, causing the altimeter to freeze at its last indication and the VSI to read ___, regardless of altitude change.

A

Zero

52
Q

If the primary static source becomes plugged, the ___ can be opened. The ___ now become the alternate source of static air pressure.

A

Alternate static source, cabin

53
Q

The attitude indicator helps you determine the airplane’s ___ and ___ condition.

A

Pitch, bank

54
Q

The attitude indicator’s symbolic wings are attached to the instrument’s case, while the airplane ___ about a horizon card that’s attached to a stabilized gyro.

A

Rotates

55
Q

How should a pilot determine the direction of bank from an attitude indicator such as the one illustrated in question 76?

A

By the relationship of the miniature airplane to the deflected horizon bar.

56
Q

The attitude indicator shows…

A

bank and pitch

57
Q

The attitude indicator is able to display the airplane’s attitude because of a gyroscopic principle known as…

A

Rigidity in space

58
Q

Most light airplane attitude gyros are powered by a ___ pump

A

vacuum

59
Q

The proper adjustment to make on the attitude indicator during level flight is to align the …

A

the miniature airplane to the horizon bar.

60
Q

To receive accurate indications during flight from a heading indicator, the instrument must be…

A

periodically realigned with the magnetic compass as the gyro precesses.

61
Q

The heading indicator must be periodically reset to a known heading because of something known as …

A

Gyroscopic drift

62
Q

If you’re instructed to turn to a particular heading, simply look for the number on the instrument and turn in the ___ direct toward it.

A

shortest

63
Q

The turn coordinator is actually a ___ instrument that provides information on your airplane’s direction of ___ , rate of heading change and whether the airplane is ___ or ___ in the turns.

A

gyro, roll, slipping, skidding

64
Q

Unlike the spinning gyros int he attitude indicator and the heading indicator, the turn coordinator’s gyro is usually spun by …

A

electricity

65
Q

The turn coordinator’s gyro is electrically powered to keep at least one gyro instrument operating during a rare failure of the airplane’s ___

A

vacuum pump

66
Q

Even though it may appear to, the turn coordinator doesn’t show ___ angle. Don’t be fooled by this. Only direction of ___ and ___ are derivable from the turn coordinator.

A

Bank, roll or yaw, rate of turn

67
Q

A turn coordinator provides an indication of the ___

A

Movement of the aircraft about the yaw and roll axes.

68
Q

A magnetic compass responds to that phenomenon of the earth’s magnetic pole, otherwise known as its…

A

magnetic dip

69
Q

One side of the needle is called the ___ and it always points towards the earth’s magnetic north pole.

A

North-seeking end

70
Q

Just like skis following dipping terrain, the magnetic compass needle wants to tilt downward with the magnetic field. This is called …

A

magnetic dip

71
Q

In the northern hemisphere, the magnetic compass will normally indicate a turn toward the south when…

A

the aircraft is decelerated while on a west heading.

72
Q

In the northern hemisphere, if an aircraft is accelerated or decelerated, the magnetic compass will normally indicate…

A

correctly when on a north or south heading

73
Q

In the northern hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally initially indicate a turn toward the east if…

A

a left turn is entered from a north heading

74
Q

In the northern hemisphere, a magnetic compass will normally initially indicate a turn toward the west if…

A

a right turn is entered from a north heading

75
Q

During flight, when are the indications of a magnetic compass accurate?

A

In straight-and-level unaccelerated flight

Private pilot license (5 decks)

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