Chapter 5 -Deformation of crust Flashcards
tension
stress that pulls rocks apart
-makes rocks thiner
compression
crustal rocks squeeze together
-reduces volume pushes rock up or into crust
strain
a change in shape or volume of ricks coming from the stress of being squeezed twisted or pulled apart
isostatic adjustments
the up-and-down movements of the crust of reach isostocy
stress
a force that causes pressure in the rocks of the crust
3 examples of isostatic adjustments <>________ <>________ <>_________
mountains erode
rivers into oceans
glaciers
isostasy
Balancing of two opposing forces on earth’s crust
Shearing
pushes rocks in opposite direction.
-sheared rock bending twist or break apart
Deformation
the bending tilting and breathing to earth’s crust
syncline
down curved folds
anticline
up curved folds in the layers
folding
rock responds to stress by becoming permanently deformed without breaking
Fracture
A break in rocks that don’t move
Fault
Breaks in rocks that do move
Normal fault
Fault plane is at steep angle or almost vertical
Fault plane
Surface of the fault
Hanging wall
Rocks above fault plane
Footwall
Below fault plane
Reversed fault
Occurs when compression forces hanging wall to move up.
Thrust fault
A special reverse fault. We’re the fault plane is nearly horizontal.
Strike-slip fault
Rocks on either side of the fault plane slide horizontally.(like a transform fault)
Why faulting more likely near surface of the earth?
Cooler temperature and lower pressure.
Mountain range
A group of nearby mountains, with same shape and structure .
Mountain system
Group of nearby mountain ranges
Mountain belt
A group of mountain systems
Oceanic and continental collisions
He reacts mountains and volcanos
Name four types of mountains.
Folded and plateaus - continental & continental collision
Fault block and grabens- fault break. Crust in to large blocks then lift (reverse fault)
Volcanic -molten rock erupts on earths surface
Dome-molten rock pushes up create’s dome unsuccessful volcano
