Chapter 5: Civil Rights: Equal Protection

Question 0

SEPARATE-but-EQUAL DOCTRINE

Answer 0

The doctrine holding that segregation in schools and public accommodations does not imply that one race is superior to another; and that separate-but-equal facilities do not violate the equal protection clause.

Question 1

CIVIL RIGHTS

Answer 1

Generally, all rights rooted in the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of equal protection under the law.

Question 2

WHITE PRIMARY

Answer 2

A state primary election that restricts voting to whites only; outlawed by the Supreme Court in 1944.

Question 3

GRANDFATHER CLAUSE

Answer 3

A device used by southern states to exempt whites from state taxes and literacy laws originally intended to disfranchise African American voters. It restricted the voting franchise to those who could prove that their grandfathers had voted before 1867.

Question 4

POLL TAX

Answer 4

A special tax that must be paid as a qualification for voting. The Twenty-fourth Amendment to the Constitution outlawed the poll tax in national elections, and 1966 the Supreme Court declared it unconstitutional in all elections.

Question 5

LITERACY TEST

Answer 5

A test administrated as a precondition for voting, often used to prevent African Americans from exercising their right to vote.

Question 6

DE FACTO SEGREGATION

Answer 6

Racial segregation that occurs because of past social or economic conditions and residential patterns.

Question 7

DE JURE SEGREGATION

Answer 7

Racial segregation that occurs because of laws or administrative decisions by public agencies.

Question 8

BUSING

Answer 8

The transportation of public school students from areas where they live to schools in other areas to eliminate school segregation based on residential patterns.

Question 9

FILIBUSTER

Answer 9

In the Senate, unlimited debate to halt action on a particular bill.

Question 10

CLOTURE

Answer 10

A method invoked to close off debate and to bring the matter under consideration to a vote in the Senate.

Question 11

EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION (EEOC)

Answer 11

A commission established by the 1964 Civil Rights Act to (1) end discrimination based on race, color religion, gender, or national origin in conditions of employment and (2) promote voluntary action programs by employers, unions and community organizations to foster equal job opportunities.

Question 12

SUBPOENA

Answer 12

A legal writ requiring a person’s appearance in court to give testimony.

Question 13

SUFFRAGE

Answer 13

The right to vote; the franchise.

Question 14

FEMINISM

Answer 14

The movement that supports political, economic, and social equality for women.

Question 15

GENDER DISCRIMINATION

Answer 15

Any practice, policy, or procedure that denies equality of treatment to an individual or to a group because of gender.

Question 16

SEXUAL HARASSMENT

Answer 16

Unwanted physical or verbal conduct or abuse of a sexual nature that interferes with a recipient’s job performance, creates a hostile environment, or carries with it an implicit or explicit threat of adverse employment consequences.