chapter 5 cholesterol

Question 1

when is cholesterol screened for

Answer 1

every 5 years post age 20

start sooner and more frequently if obese adn FH

Question 2

atherosclerosis

Answer 2

1/2 DEATHS

causes permanent disability + hospital stays more than any other disease

Question 3

xanthelasma
tendon xanthomas
corneal arcus
milky serum
obesity

Answer 3

familial hypercholesteremia

test family members

Question 4

pancreatitis

Answer 4

familial triglyceridemia

Question 5

statin indications
ldl>190 - reduce by 50%, high intesnity
DM age 40-75 >70 LDL - mod intensity 
current or past angina/MI/PAD >70 LDL - high intensity
7.5% chance of CVD - mod intensity

Answer 5

high intensity - 50%, atorvastatin 40-80 rotuva 20-40

mod intensity - 30$ atorva 10-12, simvas, rotuva 5-10, pravastatin . lovastatin

Question 6

CAD rf!

Answer 6

age
FH of MI <55 or female <65
smoker
HTN 140/90 or prescription
DM
low HDL <40

HDL>60 is protective

Question 7

possible RFs for heart disease???

Answer 7

primary LDL>160
family history of premature CAD <55 or <65
CRP<2 mg/L
calcium score>300 or 75% of coronary arteries
ABI > 0.9

Question 8

LDL

Answer 8

total cholesterol - HDL - TG/5

Question 9

HDL

Answer 9

increased by alcohol moderate
decreased smoking, androgen,progesterone, hyperTG
not changed by exercise

Question 10

hypercholesterolemia

Answer 10

genetics
MULTIFACTORIAL
uncontrolled DM, hypothyroidism nephrotic, liver disease, excessive alcohol = increases TG
corticosteroids, BB, thiazides, OCPs