Chapter 5-Cells Flashcards
Meiosis
Cell division that makes sex cells
Homologous Chromosomes
Two chromosomes that make up a pair of chromosomes
Egg
Female Sex Cell
Sperm
Male Sex Cell
Diploid
Cells that have all the homologous chromosomes. 2 sets
Haploid
Cells that only have one chromosome from each pair. 1 set
Gametes
Mature sex cells that only have half the number of chromosomes. Haploids.
Male gamete
Sperm
Female gamete
Egg
DNA
Genetic information found in the nucleus
Genes
Segments of DNA
Chromosomes
Condensed rod-like structure of DNA. Visible in cell division
Centromere
Place of attachment between two chromotids
Centriole
Two cylindrical bodies wish aid in cell division
Prophase
Chromosomes become visible. Centrioles move forward opposite ends and begin to form spindle fibers. Nuclear membrane disappears
Metaphase
Chromosome line up on the equator. Spindle fibers attach to centromere of chromosomes. Chromatids ready to split.
Anaphase
Chromatids move to opposite sides. Chromatids my be called individual chromosomes.
Telophase
Chromosomes reach opposite poles and begin to unravel. Spindles disappear. Nuclear membrane reappears around daughter nucleus.
Cytokinesis
Division of cytoplasm and organelles. (Cells)
Cancer
Uncontrollable cell multiplication.
Tumor
Clump of abnormal cells
Biopsy
Section of the tumor removed for analysis
Benign
Cells are not cancerous
Malignant
Cancerous cells in the tumor
