Chapter 5 ( Brain Stem ) Flashcards
Muscles supplied by the trigeminal nerve ?
Muscles of mastication Anterior belly of digastric Mylohyoid Tensor tympani Tensor palati
Muscles supplied by the fascial nerve ?
Muscles of facial expression
Posterior belly of digastric
Stylohyoid
Stapedius
Function of the olive ?
Send climbing olivocerebellar fibers into the cerebellum through the inferior cerebellar peduncle
The inferior colliculus ?
Processes auditory information Received bilaterally from the cochlear nuclei by axon fibers of the lateral lemniscus
The superior colliculus ?
Help direct movements of both eyes in gaze
The pretectal region ?
Contains interneurons involved in pupillary light reflex
Whats responsible for endolymph production in the inner ear ?
Stria vascularis
Where does the vestibular fibers terminate ?
Vestibular nuclei
Flocculonodular lobe of the cerebellum
Horizontal gaze is controlled by ?
Frontal eye field ( contralateral gaze )
PPRF ( ipsilateral gaze )
Parinaud syndrome ?
Dorsal midbrain syndrome commonly due to Tumor in Pineal Region :
1- lesion of superior colliculus / pretectal region : paralysis of upward gaze , various pupillary abnormalities
2- cerebral aqueduct : noncommunicating hydrocephalus
Reticular nuclei ? Their functions ?
1- Raphe nuclei : synthesize serotonin , play a role in mood , aggression and non-REM sleep
2- Locus caeruleus : synthesize norepinephrine , involved in the control of cortical activation ( arousal )
3- Periaqueductal ( central ) grey : have Opioid receptors , the projections pf its cells descend to modulate pain at the level of the dorsal horn of the spinal cord
Cause of anterior cerebellar vermis lesions ? Present with ?
Degeneration from alcohol
Gait ataxia
Causes of cerebellar posterior vermis degeneration ? Present with ?
Medulloblastomas
Ependymomas
Truncal ataxia
