Chapter 5- Body, Brain and Health Flashcards
Endocrine System
consist of a group of glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream
Endocrine Glands
A type of gland that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream
• Play critical roles and stimulating growth and regulating bodily functions
Pituitary Gland
“master gland” at the base of the brain that regulates other glands and produces growth hormones
• controlled by the hypothalamus
• The blood brain barrier is weak here so that the pituitary gland can secrete foremost directly into the bloodstream
Growth Hormone
hormone that stimulates childhood physical growth in the adolescent growth spurt
• growth hormone therapy (small children and athletic performance )
Thyroid Gland
plays a key role in physical growth and development and development of nervous system
• hyperthyroidism
• hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
too much of the thyroid hormone is secreted
Hypothyroidism
too little of thyroid hormone is secreted
T/F???
Endocrine system is important early in development
True
A male fetus will not develop male reproductive organs unless:
- the SRY gene on his Y chromosome triggers the development of the testes
- The testes secrete the most important of the male sex hormones, testosterone
T/F???
Sex hormones become important again during adolescence
true
Androgens
male hormone that helps trigger the adolescent growth spurt, development of the male sex organs, secondary sex characteristics
T/F???
The ovaries produce large quantities of the primary female homeruns estrogen and progesterone
true
Estrogen
female hormone responsible for the development of the breasts, female sex organs, and secondary sex characteristics
T/F???
estrogen increases dramatically at puberty, stimulating the production of growth hormone and the adolescent growth spurt
true
Progesterone
pregnancy hormone