Chapter 5

Question 1

what is an alloy

Answer 1

metal made by combining two or more metallic elements

Question 2

name 5 physical characteristics of metals

Answer 2

• Shiny, Malleable & High density
• Good conductors of electricity
• Good conductors of heat
• High melting & boiling points
• Few has magnetic properties

Question 3

Name 2 chemical characteristics of metals

Answer 3

• Releases H2 when reacts with an acid

* Forma oxides when reacts with oxygen

Question 4

Name 4 characteristics of non-metals

Answer 4

• many are gasses
• low density
• forms brittle solids
• only carbon in the form of GRAPHITE are conductors ( non-metals are mostly insulators )

Question 5

Name 2 chemical characteristics of non-metals

Answer 5

• Dont react with acids

* Usually forms dioxides when reacting with oxygen

Question 6

Give 1 physical characteristic of a metalloid

Answer 6

Shine & fairly dense

Question 7

Give 3 chemical characteristics of semi-metals

Answer 7

• doesn’t react with acids
• conduct electricity at high temps
• insulators @ low temps

Question 8

Name 3 ferromagnetic materials

Answer 8

Nickel
Iron
Cobalt

Question 9

Give 5 reasons why the atomic radius decrease when moving from left to right in a given period

Answer 9

• electrons are added in the same energy level
• amount of protons increase
• there are more attraction forces as there are protons attracting electrons
• this increasing attraction pulls the electrons in closer
• therefore volume decreases

Question 10

Name 4 reasons why the atomic radius increase from top to bottom in a given group

Answer 10

• amount of energy level are increasing
• valence electrons are physically further away from nucleus
• attraction forces from the protons in the nucleus weakens
• therefore volume increases

Question 11

what is ionization energy

Answer 11

first ionization energy amount of a nervy required to remove first electron etc etc

Question 12

Give 3 factors affecting ionization energy

Answer 12

• From left to right ionization energy increase: attraction forces between e & p increase
• From top to bottom ionization energy decreases: e are physically further away & attraction weakens ; ionization energy decreases
• lone pairs are easier to remove than shared pairs

Question 13

Give 2 factors influencing a METAL ATOMS REACTIVITY

Answer 13

• right to left increases:
bigger atom & less ionization energy easier it loses electron

• top to bottom increases:
bigger the atoms & less ionization energy easier it loses electron

Question 14

what’s the most reactive metal

Answer 14

Francium

Question 15

electronegativity

Answer 15

Measure of how easily an atom attract electrons towards itself

Question 16

which element has the higher EN and why

Answer 16

Fluorine

• group 17 which only needs 1 electron until noble structure
• smallest atom ( volume ) = p exert stronger force on over an e then the p in chlorine

Question 17

electron affinity

Answer 17

amount of energy released per mile when an elements atoms gain an electron

Question 18

periodic law

Answer 18

states that the elements are arrange in increasing atomic number and show periodic change in their properties

Question 19

valence electrons

Answer 19

electrons in the outermost energy level of the atom ghat will determine how an atom will react in a chemical reaction

Question 20

ion

Answer 20

charged particle

Question 21

octet rule

Answer 21

atoms gain, lose or share electrons to achieve the stable electronic configuration of the noble gasses