Chapter 5 Flashcards
what is an alloy
metal made by combining two or more metallic elements
name 5 physical characteristics of metals
- Shiny, Malleable & High density
- Good conductors of electricity
- Good conductors of heat
- High melting & boiling points
- Few has magnetic properties
Name 2 chemical characteristics of metals
- Releases H2 when reacts with an acid
* Forma oxides when reacts with oxygen
Name 4 characteristics of non-metals
- many are gasses
- low density
- forms brittle solids
- only carbon in the form of GRAPHITE are conductors ( non-metals are mostly insulators )
Name 2 chemical characteristics of non-metals
- Dont react with acids
* Usually forms dioxides when reacting with oxygen
Give 1 physical characteristic of a metalloid
Shine & fairly dense
Give 3 chemical characteristics of semi-metals
- doesn’t react with acids
- conduct electricity at high temps
- insulators @ low temps
Name 3 ferromagnetic materials
Nickel
Iron
Cobalt
Give 5 reasons why the atomic radius decrease when moving from left to right in a given period
- electrons are added in the same energy level
- amount of protons increase
- there are more attraction forces as there are protons attracting electrons
- this increasing attraction pulls the electrons in closer
- therefore volume decreases
Name 4 reasons why the atomic radius increase from top to bottom in a given group
- amount of energy level are increasing
- valence electrons are physically further away from nucleus
- attraction forces from the protons in the nucleus weakens
- therefore volume increases
what is ionization energy
first ionization energy amount of a nervy required to remove first electron etc etc
Give 3 factors affecting ionization energy
- From left to right ionization energy increase: attraction forces between e & p increase
- From top to bottom ionization energy decreases: e are physically further away & attraction weakens ; ionization energy decreases
- lone pairs are easier to remove than shared pairs
Give 2 factors influencing a METAL ATOMS REACTIVITY
• right to left increases:
bigger atom & less ionization energy easier it loses electron
• top to bottom increases:
bigger the atoms & less ionization energy easier it loses electron
what’s the most reactive metal
Francium
electronegativity
Measure of how easily an atom attract electrons towards itself
which element has the higher EN and why
Fluorine
- group 17 which only needs 1 electron until noble structure
- smallest atom ( volume ) = p exert stronger force on over an e then the p in chlorine
electron affinity
amount of energy released per mile when an elements atoms gain an electron
periodic law
states that the elements are arrange in increasing atomic number and show periodic change in their properties
valence electrons
electrons in the outermost energy level of the atom ghat will determine how an atom will react in a chemical reaction
ion
charged particle
octet rule
atoms gain, lose or share electrons to achieve the stable electronic configuration of the noble gasses
