Chapter 5

Question 1

Having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic.

Answer 1

Amphipatic

Question 2

Phosphate Head Group is

Answer 2

Hydrophilic

Question 3

Two Fatty Acid tails are

Answer 3

Hydrophobic

Question 4

A spherical structure in which lipids with bulky heads and a single hydrophobic tail are all packed.

Answer 4

Micelles

Question 5

A two-layered structure of the cell membrane with hydrophilic heads pointing outward toward the aqueous environment and hydrophobic tails are roughly rectangular.

Answer 5

Bilayer

Question 6

An enclosed bi-layer structure spontaneously formed by phospholipids in environments in environments with neutral pH.

Answer 6

Liposomes

Question 7

The ability of membrane lipids to move in the plane of the membrane.

Answer 7

Fluid

Question 8

An amphipatic lipid that is a major component of animal cell membranes.

Answer 8

Cholesterol

Question 9

Lipids assembled in a defined patch in the cell membrane.

Answer 9

Lipid Rafts

Question 10

Membrane proteins that move ions or other molecules across the cell membrane.

Answer 10

Transporters

Question 11

Protein which binds to a specific molecule. Special structures that can be found in cell membranes.

Answer 11

Receptors

Question 12

Proteins that act as catalysts within living cells. Catalysts increase the rate at which chemical reactions occur without being consumed or permanently altered themselves.

Answer 12

Enzymes

Question 13

A membrane protein that attaches to other proteins and helps to maintain cell structure and shape.

Answer 13

Anchors

Question 14

Boundary between the cell and its environment. It regulates what enters and exits the cell. Cells must maintain an appropriate amount of molecules to function inside them.

Answer 14

Plasma Membrane

Question 15

Rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants it consists mainly of cellulose.

Answer 15

Cell Wall

Question 16

Ability to maintain a constant internal environment in response to environmental changes. It is a unifying principle of biology.

Answer 16

Homeostasis

Question 17

net passive movement of particles (atoms, ions or molecules) from a region in which they are in higher concentration to regions of lower concentration.

Answer 17

Diffusion

Question 18

The net movement of a solvent, such as water, across a selectively permeable membrane toward the side of higher solute concentration.

Answer 18

Osmosis

Question 19

Active transport that uses the energy of an electrochemical gradient to drive the movement of molecules.

Answer 19

Secondary Active Transport

Question 20

Compartment of the cell that houses the DNA in chromosomes.

Answer 20

Nucleus

Question 21

An organism whose cell or cells do not have a membrane bound nucleus.

Answer 21

Prokaryotes

Question 22

An organism who’s cells have a true nucleus.

Answer 22

Eukaryotes