Chapter 5-8 Flashcards
What does PBIS stand for, and what is its purpose?
Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports; a framework that promotes positive behaviors and a supportive school culture rather than just reacting to negative behaviors.
What is SWIS, and what is its function?
School-Wide Information System; a web-based platform used to collect, summarize, and analyze student behavior data for decision-making in PBIS.
What is Response to Intervention (RTI)?
A multi-tiered support system that provides early, targeted interventions for students struggling academically or behaviorally, preventing escalation to special education.
Which students benefit the most from RTI?
Struggling learners who need early, targeted interventions to improve progress and reduce the need for special education services.
What are the three tiers of RTI?
Tier 1: Universal, high-quality instruction for all students.
Tier 2: Targeted small-group interventions for students with specific needs.
Tier 3: Intensive, individualized support for students who continue to struggle.
What is UDL?
A teaching approach that ensures all students can learn by providing multiple ways to access, engage with, and demonstrate learning.
What are the three main principles of UDL?
- Multiple means of representation (how information is presented).
- Multiple means of action and expression (how students demonstrate learning).
- Multiple means of engagement (how students stay motivated).
What is the term for communication between a speaker and listener within a shared social environment?
Pragmatics
Name three high-leverage instructional practices.
- Use explicit instruction.
- Provide scaffolded support.
- Use strategies to promote active student engagement.
What is a receptive language disorder?
A language disorder where individuals struggle to receive or understand information.
What percentage of students have a math learning disability?
5-7%
Define the three types of memory.
Working memory: Temporary processing of immediate information.
Short-term memory: Brief storage and recall of small amounts of info.
Long-term memory: Retaining information for extended periods.
What are three challenges students with reading disabilities face?
- Fluency – Struggles with reading speed and accuracy.
- Comprehension – Difficulty understanding what is read.
- Word identification – Trouble recognizing and decoding words.
What are three challenges students with math disabilities face?
- Procedural problems – Difficulty following steps and applying rules.
- Fact retrieval – Struggles with memorizing math facts.
- Number sense – Trouble understanding numerical concepts.
What is Expressive Language Disorder?
A condition where individuals struggle to communicate their thoughts and ideas through speech or writing.
What is the difference between an open-ended and a closed-ended question?
Open-ended: Requires deeper thinking (e.g., “What was your favorite part and why?”).
Closed-ended: Requires a short response (e.g., “Who was your favorite character?”).
What is an example of a multi-sensory approach to teaching reading?
Orton-Gillingham, which incorporates visual, auditory, and kinesthetic methods.
What is the difference between pull-out and push-in interventions?
Pull-out: Students leave the regular classroom for specialized instruction.
Push-in: Support is provided within the general education classroom.
What is scaffolding in education?
A method where support is gradually removed as students become more independent learners.
What are two benefits and two disadvantages of co-teaching?
Benefits:
-Increased student engagement.
-Professional development for teachers.
Disadvantages:
-Requires extensive planning.
-Potential for unequal participation.
What are three main causes of learning disabilities?
- Genetic predisposition – Learning disabilities may run in families.
- Neurological differences – Brain structure or function differences.
- Environmental factors – Exposure to toxins, birth complications, or early trauma.
Why might students with learning disabilities experience anxiety and depression?
Academic struggles, low self-esteem, and social isolation can lead to feelings of inadequacy and stress.
