Chapter 5

Question 1

The deep system carries what % of limb blood

Answer 1

Carries 85% of limb blood volume

Question 2

Calf muscle veins are often considered_____

Answer 2

Deep Veins
(Gastroc Veins)
(Soleal Veins)

Question 3

Deep veins….

Answer 3

1. ) Have an adjacent artery

2. ) Are paired in the calf

Question 4

What % of studies does does FV duplicity occur in the thigh?

Answer 4

30% in some studies

Question 5

A bifed femoral vein is

Answer 5

Not Uncommon

Question 6

Gastrocs drain the _______ and drain into the ______

Answer 6

Gastrocnemius Muscles

Popliteal Vein

Question 7

Soleal veins or soleal sinuses lie in the deeper soleal muscle and drain into ________

Answer 7

Posterior Tibial or Peroneals Veins

Question 8

If a pt complains of pain/tenderness in the calf region the sonographer should

Answer 8

Scan and look for thrombosed soleal or gastrocnemius veins

Question 9

The GSV (Great Saphenous Vein) joins the deep system at _____

Answer 9

CFV

Question 10

The GSV carries approximately what % of venous blood volume in the leg?

Answer 10

15%

Question 11

Does the GSV have an adjacent artery?

Answer 11

NO

Question 12

The GSV is often anomalous with

Answer 12

Double Systems 8% or

Non-Continuous 25%

Question 13

Saphenous veins are contained within

Answer 13

Fascial Envelopes

Question 14

Fascial Envelopes are aka

Answer 14

Cleopatra’s Eye

Question 15

An anterior or accessory saphenous vein is often present in_______

Answer 15

The anterior thigh and communicates proximally with the GSV

Question 16

The SSV (Small Saphenous Vein) typical confluence is at

Answer 16

The popliteal vein

Question 17

In what % of the population will the SSV enter above the popliteal vein or join the Giacomini vein?

Answer 17

20-30%

Question 18

Does the SSV have an adjacent artery?

Answer 18

NO

Question 19

Perforator veins course which direction?

Answer 19

From Superficial to Deep System

Question 20

Perforator veins have what that prevent flow from moving from deep to superficial?

Answer 20

Valves

Question 21

Blood flow to tissue in the upper and lower extremities is governed by:

Answer 21

Contractility of the heart
Intraluminal blood pressure
Peripheral resistance in the distal end of the arterial “tree”, the capillary bed.

Question 22

Small arterioles leading into capillary beds in tissue are constricted in the

Answer 22

Basal State

Question 23

A pressure gradient exists across all capillary beds with high pressure occurring in the _____ and low pressure in the _____

Answer 23

Arterial Side

Venous Side

Question 24

Hydrostatic pressure impedes

Answer 24

venous return

Question 25

Venous intraluminal pressure is what when the pt in laying supine?

Answer 25

10 mmHg

Question 26

What is the venous intraluminal pressure when the pt is standing?

Answer 26

80 mmHg

Question 27

What is the intraluminal pressure when walking?

Answer 27

25 mmHg

Question 28

What reduces distal venous pressure?

Answer 28

Walking

Question 29

What is venous pressure and flow affected by?

Answer 29

Cardiac Activity

Question 30

The effect of cardiac activity is most pronounced in the

Answer 30

Thoracic Vessels

Question 31

Cardiac influence is usually not apparent or is reduced in the

Answer 31

Lower Extremities

Question 32

During inspiration, the diaphragm moves downward and increases _____

Answer 32

Intra-abdominal pressure

IVC is compressed and venous outflow is temporarily reduced or stopped.

Question 33

Flow resumes during

Answer 33

Exhalation

Question 34

With the Reverse Trandelenburg position the pt is elevated how many degrees?

Answer 34

10-20 degrees

Question 35

What is the reverse compression technique?

Answer 35

One hand pushing down with transducer and the other under the thigh pushing up against the transducer.

Question 36

When is the reverse compression technique typically used?

Answer 36

Compress SFV at the distal thigh (adductor hiatus)

Question 37

What can prevent coaptation of the popliteal vein?

Answer 37

Placing the transducer directly over the biceps femoris tendon laterally OR semitendinosus tendon medially in the popliteal fossa