Chapter 5-7 Flashcards
Burning biofuels releases CO2 into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. However, this is at least partially offset by __________.
CO2 released during photosynthesis as plants grow
the CO2 absorbed during photosynthesis as plants grow
acid rain
the O2 absorbed during photosynthesis as plants grow
the O2 released during photosynthesis as plants grow
the O2 released during photosynthesis as plants grow
The source of the oxygen produced by photosynthesis has been identified through experiments using radioactive tracers. The oxygen comes from __________.
carbon dioxide
water
light
glucose
radioisotopes
Water
The secretion of neurotransmitters out of the nerve cell, from small vesicles at the end of the axon, can be considered an example of __________.
exocytosis
endocytosis
phagocytosis
osmoregulation
pinocytosis
Exocytosis
A nursing infant is able to obtain disease-fighting antibodies, which are large protein molecules, from its mother’s milk. These molecules probably enter the cells lining the baby’s digestive tract via __________.
osmosis
active transport
endocytosis
passive transport
exocytosis
endocytosis
Which one of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
The ATP used in cellular respiration is produced in photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis occurs only in plants, and cellular respiration occurs only in animals.
Photosynthesis stores energy in organic molecules, and cellular respiration releases it.
Cellular respiration builds organic molecules, and photosynthesis breaks them down.
Cellular respiration is nothing like the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis
photosynthesis stores energy in organic molecules, and cellular respiration releases it.
Which of the following statements is true about passive transport?
Passive transport phenomena can never reach equilibrium.
Passive transport operates independently of concentration.
Passive transport does not occur in the human body.
Passive transport operates independently of diffusion.
Passive transport requires no expenditure of cellular energy.
Passive transport requires no expenditure of cellular energy.
In regard to entropy, which of the following is true?
Energy conversions increase the order in the universe.
Heat energy is ordered energy.
The entropy of the universe is constantly decreasing.
The ordering of one system depends on the disordering of another.
The total amount of energy in the universe is constant.
The ordering of one system depends on the disordering of another.
Burning biofuels releases CO2 into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming. However, this is at least partially offset by __________.
the CO2 released during photosynthesis as plants grow
the CO2 absorbed during photosynthesis as plants grow
acid rain
the O2 absorbed during photosynthesis as plants grow
the O2 released during photosynthesis as plants grow
the CO2 absorbed during photosynthesis as plants grow
Of the following metabolic processes, which one is common to photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
reactions that split H2O molecules and release O2
reactions that store energy by pumping H+ across membranes
reactions that convert CO2 to sugar
reactions that convert light energy to chemical energy
reactions that store energy by pumping H+ across membranes
Phenol red is a chemical that turns red when carbon dioxide, CO2, is absent and yellow when CO2 is present. A small, green plant seedling is placed in phenol red in the dark. Which one of the following is most likely to occur?
If the solution is red to begin with, it will turn yellow because respiration is occurring.
If the solution is yellow to begin with, it will turn red because respiration is occurring.
If the solution is yellow to begin with, it will turn red because photosynthesis is occurring.
If the solution is red to begin with, it will turn yellow because photosynthesis is occurring.
If the solution is red to begin with, it will remain red because respiration is occurring
If the solution is red to begin with, it will turn yellow because respiration is occurring
In an experiment, mice were fed glucose (C6H12O6) containing a small amount of radioactive oxygen. The mice were closely monitored, and in a few minutes radioactive oxygen atoms showed up in __________.
ATP
water
NADH
oxygen gas
carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide
The ATP synthase in a human cell gets energy for making ATP directly from __________.
the acquisition of electrons by oxygen
the movement of electrons through a series of carriers
the breakdown of glucose
the flow of H+ through a membrane
sunlight
the flow of H+ through a membrane
During aerobic respiration, molecular oxygen (O2) is used ________
at the end of glycolysis to switch from the fermentation pathway
at the end of the citric acid cycle
between the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain to move NADH and FADH2
between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to split a carbon from pyruvic acid
at the end of the electron transport chain to accept electrons and form H2O
at the end of the electron transport chain to accept electrons and form H2O
