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Chapter 5-7 Flashcards

1
Q

Bill to Law process

A

Bill is introduced in the House/Senate (all tax bills start in House), Bill is reviewed by committees, Bill is voted on to be approved then sent back to other chamber to restart, Bill goes to president, If veto’d bill returns to congress, If bill get 2/3 votes in both chambers it becomes law.

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2
Q

House of Reps organization

A

435 members (6 non voting members)

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3
Q

House of Reps qualifications

A

At least 25
Citizenship for at least 7 years
Legal resident of state
Members can serve 2 terms with no limits but must be re-elected

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4
Q

Reapportionment

A

The process of reassign representation based on population after the census

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5
Q

Census

A

A population count conducted every 10 years

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6
Q

Redistricting

A

Setting up new district lines after reapportionment

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7
Q

Gerrymandering

A

Drawing boundaries to give one political party an advantage

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8
Q

Packing

A

Drawing district lines so they include as many of the opposing party’s voters as possible

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9
Q

Cracking

A

Dividing an opposing party’s voters into other districts

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10
Q

House of Reps leadership

A

Speaker of the house-Majority leader-Majority whip

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11
Q

Senate organization

A

100 senators (2 per state)

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12
Q

Senate qualifications

A

At least 30
Citizen for at least 9 years
Legal resident of state
Members can serve 6 year terms with no limits but must be re-elected

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13
Q

Senate leadership

A

Senate President-Majority Leader-Minority Leader

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14
Q

Unanimous consent

A

Requires both parties to agree to debate a bill

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15
Q

Filibuster

A

Stalling to prevent a final vote

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16
Q

Cloture Resolution

A

Procedure allowing each senator to speak for only one hour on a bill under debate

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17
Q

27th amendment

A

Congress can not give itself a pay raise

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18
Q

Censure

A

A vote of formal disapproval of a members actions

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19
Q

Standing Committee

A

Permanent committee that oversees bills dealing with specific issues. ex: Energy and Commerce Committee would oversee a bill regulating shade oil

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20
Q

Select Committee

A

Temporary committee formed to study one specific issue and report findings, and expire at the end of term but can be renewed. ex: Select Committee on the modernization of Congress

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21
Q

Joint Committee

A

Consists of members from the House and Senate from both parties, acts as a study group that reports back to the chambers. ex: Joint committee on taxation

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22
Q

Conference Committee

A

Temporary committee set up when the House and Senate pass different versions of the same bill

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23
Q

Chief of Staff

A

Runs the members office, supervises their schedule, and offers advice to personal congressman

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24
Q

Legislative Director

A

Establishes the members agenda and supervises junior legislative staff

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25
Legislative Assistant
Keep the member informed about the many bills in Congress
26
Press Secretary
Managers the members media relations
27
Caseworker
Manages the many request for help from the members constituents typically relating to an issue with a federal agency
28
Legislative Powers
Taxing, Commerce, Foreign Policy, Naturalization, Admit New States/territories, Grant Copyrights/Patents, Establish Post Offices and Federal Courts
29
Revenue Bill
A law for collecting taxes (must start in the House because there is more representation of the states there)
30
Process for approving federal spending
Authorization Bill----Appropriations Bill
31
Authorization Bill
Establishes a federal program & how much can be spent on the program
32
Appropriations Bill
Approves an amount to spend on a federal program
33
Commerce clause
Authorizes Congress to regulate foreign and interstate commerce
34
Congress has the power to ?
Approve treaties, declare war, maintain an army/navy, and regulate foreign commerce
35
National Emergences Act
Requires POTUS to tell Congress within 48 hours if deploying troops to other countries
36
Naturalization
Grant citizenship to immigrants
37
Copyright
The exclusive right to publish/sell a literary, musical, or artistic work for a specific period
38
Patent
The exclusive right of an inventor to manufacture, use, and sell his/her invention for a specific period
39
If no candidate has a majority of electoral votes
House chooses the POTUS from the top 3 candidates Senate chooses VPOTUS from top 2 candidates
40
Removal from Office
House impeaches If impeached, Senate holds a trial and votes to convict remove from office
41
Impeachment
Accusation of misconduct
42
Amendment Power
Typical path: Congress proposes (2/3 support from each chamber) State legislatures ratify (3/4 of states approve)
43
Confirmation Power
Senate approves presidential appointments with 50+1
44
Ratification Power
Senate approves international treaties with 2/3 vote
45
Private Bill
Deals with individual people or places
46
Public Bill
Deals with general matters and applies to the entire country
47
Joint resolution
A resolution passed in the same form by both chambers Has the force of law and must be signed by POTUS
48
Simple resolution
Covers matters affecting one chamber Does not require POTUS signature
49
Concurrent resolution
Covers matters affecting the House and Senate Does not require POTUS signature
50
Rider
A provision on a subject other than the one addressed in a bill
51
Continuing resolution
Temporarily prevents a shutdown by continuing the previous years’ funding
52
Authorization bill
Sets up a federal program, specifies how much money can be appropriated for it
53
Appropriations bill
A proposed law to authorize spending money on a federal program
54
Most effective way for a constituents to get a congress persons attention
Phone calls, personal emails, and meetings are most effective
55
Least effective way for a constituents to get a congress persons attention
Physical mail is least effective
56
Fastest way to get constituent input
Questionnaires and surveys
57
How does POTUS indirectly influence public opinion
White House speeches, television appearances, press conference, etc
58
How does POTUS directly influence public opinion
Presidents can leverage their support/ opposition to Members’ legislative goals
59
Interest Groups
A group of people who share common goals and organize to influence government and policy
60
Lobbyist
A paid representative of an interest group who tries to convince Members to support policies the interest group supports
61
Lobbying
The efforts to persuade officials to support their points of view
62
What is a Political Action Committee and what do they do
PACs are fundraising organizations formed by interest groups Raise money to support lawmakers who agree with them on major issues
63
Pork-barrel legislation
Laws that appropriate funds for local federal projects PRO: Bring jobs and money into a state/district CON: Abuse of power/favoritism
64
Logrolling
When two or more lawmakers agree to support each other’s bills (The more support your bill receives, the more likely it is to become law)

US Gov (4 decks)

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