Chapter 5 Flashcards
what other organelle is involved in the fission of mitchondria?
the ER. wraps around the mito and acts as a noose. fission facilitated by DRP1 proteins
T/F: mitochondria contain cholesterol
false, they contain cardiolipid, a disphophatidyl glycerol
role of cardiolipid
a di phosphatidyl glycerol that facilitates protein complexes involved in ETC and ATP synthesis
which of the two membranes in a mitochondria have more proteins
the inner mito membrane has more proteins
what enzymes are contained in the outer mito memberane
enzymes involved in trytophan synthesis and epinephrine oxidation and FA elongation
why is the outermembrane so permeable compared tot he inner membrane?
the outermembranes have porin channels that allow flow of ATP, NADH, coA etc
Where in the mito is the DNA and the ribosomes
in the matrix
why is mito DNA important
it codes for 2rRNAs and 22tRNAs responsible for mito protein synthesis
mitochondrial RNA is synthesized by ____ polymerase
RNA polymerase
3 steps of cell resp for aerobes
1) glycolysis
2) Krebs
3) ETC
2-carbon acetyl coA is ____ with oxaloacetate to form citrate
condensed
ketogenic amino acids
amino acids that are broken down into acetyl coA
glucogenic amino acids
AAs that are broken down into Krebs intermediates
what does the glycerol phosphate shuttle do
converts cytosolic NADH from glycolysis into the inner membrane by converting it into FADH2
two methods of cytosolic nadh entering the inner membrane to go through ETC
1) malate aspartate shuttle
2) glycerol phosphate shuttle
oxidative phosphorylation
when ATP formation is driven by energy that is released from electrons removed during substrate oxidation
good oxidizing agents have a ____ electron affinity
high electron affinity. oxidizing agents will oxidize a substance because it wants its electrons
redox reactions are accompanied by a ____ in free energy, why?
decreased in delta G. as electrons get passed, they lose energy, you cannot pass electrons to create a higher energy product spontaneously
electron carriers in the ETC complex I have a _____ redox potential than complex IV
complex I has a lower redox potential. Complexes are in order of increasing electron affinity (higher and higher electron affinities)
5 types of electron carriers
1) flavoproteins
2) cytochromes
3) Fe-S
4) Three Cu Atoms
5) ubiquinones
what is a flavoprotein and how many electrons can they accept? what vitamins are they derived from?
flavoprotein is an electron carrier that is a poly peptide bound to FMN or FAD. derived from B2. can accept 2 e-