Chapter 5 Flashcards
There is a lot of ______ space in a gas.
Free
Gases can _________ infinitely.
Expand
Gases occupy containers ___________ and ___________.
Uniformly
Completely
In gas properties V means what?
Volume of the gas (L)
In gas properties T means what?
Temperature (K)
In gas properties n means what?
Amount (moles)
In gas properties p means what?
Pressure (atmospheres)
Pressure of air is measured with a what?
Barometer
1 standard atmosphere equals _______ mmHg (torr).
760
SI unit for pressure is Pascal (Pa) where 1 atm = __________ KPa
101.325
The ideal gas law formula is what?
PV=nRT
R is a gas constant in PV=nRT which equals what?
R= 0.082057 per L atm/K mol
Boyle’s Law states that if n and T are constant then what?
PV=(nRT)=K
PV=K
Boyle’s Law also states that P=_____ or V=______.
P=k(1/V)
V=k(1/P)
As volume increases, pressure ___________.
Decreases
As pressure increases, volume ____________.
Decreases
At constant n (moles) and T (Kelvin) pressure and volume are ____________ proportional.
Inversely
What is the formula when pressure and volume are at a constant temp?
(P1)(V1)=(P2)(V2)
Charles Law states if n (moles) and p (pressure atm) are constant then V=(nR/P)T=kT therefore V=_________.
V=kT
According to Charles law when volume increases, temperature ____________.
Increases
According to Charles law when the temperature decreases the volume ___________.
Decreases
Charles law also states that V/T=____.
V/T=k
Volume and temperature are ____________ proportional at constant n (moles) p (pressure atm).
Directly
What is the formula when volume and temperature are directly proportional?
V1/T1=V2/T2
Temperature is always expressed in _________ when working with gases.
Kelvins
The combined gas law is when you combine ________ and ________ Law when n is constant.
Boyle’s
Charles
The combined gas law formula when n is constant is what?
(P1)(V1)/T1=(P2)(V2)/T2
Avogadro’s Law states that equal volumes of gases at the same T and P have the same number of ____________.
Molecules
Avogadros Law states that V=n(RT/P)=kn so this must mean that ________.
V=kn
In Avogadros Law V (volume) and n (moles) are _________ related. When moles increase, the volume increases at a constant T and P.
Directly
The molar gas volume (Vm) is the volume 1 mole of gas occupies and is ____________.
22.4L/1 mol
What equation is used to calculate the molar mass of an unknown gas at known density, temp and pressure?
Mm=(d)(R)(T)/P
Dalton’s law of partial pressures states that P total in gas mixture=_____________.
P total in gas mixture=PA+PB+PC etc.
Dalton’s law states that the total pressure is the sum of all the __________ pressures.
Partial
The partial pressure of A in A+B+C mixture is _________ proportional to the number of moles of A.
Directly
The kinetic molecular theory (KMT) is a theory used the explain the ______ laws.
Gas
The kinetic molecular theory assumes gases consist of molecules in ________, random motion.
Constant
The kinetic molecular theory assumes pressure arises from __________ with container walls.
Collisions
The kinetic molecular theory assumes there are no attractive or repulsive forces between molecules. Collisions are __________.
Elastic
The kinetic molecular theory assumes the volume of molecules in a gas is ___________.
Negligible
Because we assume gas molecules are in motion they have ___________ energy. (KE)
Kinetic
At the same temperature all gases have the same average ___________ energy.
Kinetic energy
As temperature goes up, kinetic energy also increases and so does ________.
Speed
Increasing the number of molecules (or moles) at a constant temp and pressure, pressure also proportionally ___________.
Increases
Increasing the number of molecules, proportionally increases the pressure because?
More collisions occurring per second
Increasing temperature, increases pressure because the average _________ energy increases causing more collisions per second.
Kinetic
Increasing temperature, increases pressure because the average collision _________ increases along with the average kinetic energy.
Force
Decreasing volume at constant moles and temp increases __________ because there are more collisions per second.
Pressure
Molecules of a given gas at a specific temperature have a ________ of speeds.
Range
The molar mass of a gas effects the _____________ of speeds.
Distribution
The distribution of speeds is expressed by maxwells equation that reads: ____________.
Urms=square root 3(R)(T)/Mm
Speed increases with ____________.
Temperature
Speed decreases with ___________ ________.
Molar mass
In maxwells equation R is expressed in SI units=___________.
8.314510 J/k•mol
In maxwells equation the Mm (molar mass) is in units of what?
Kg/mol
Graham’s Law governs __________ and __________ of gas molecules.
Effusion and diffusion
Graham’s Law equation is Rate for A/Rate for B=____________.
Rate for A/Rate for B=square root of Mm of B/Mm of A
The rate of effusion is inversely proportional to its ___________ _______.
Molar mass
In gas diffusion lighter compounds travel __________.
Faster
We can account for volume of molecules and intermolecular forces with what?
Van Der Waal’s equation
What is van der waal’s equation?
P+a(n^2/V^2)=nRT
