Chapter 5 Flashcards
Polymer
A molecule made up of similar or identical parts by covalent bonds
Monomer
The smaller components of the building blocks that make up a polymer which are repeating
Condensation reaction
The method in which monomers are connected through two molecules covalently bonded, resulting in the loss of a water molecule
Dehydration reaction
The reaction involving the loss of a water molecule after a bond forms between two monomers; one monomer equally sharing its hydroxyl group, and the other its hydrogen.
Hyrdolysis
The process of converting polymers into monomers by connecting water molecules back to their respective monomers and breaking their bonds
Cardbohydrates
Sugars and the polymers inside of them that are consisted of monosaccharides, polysaccharides, and disaccharides.
Glycosidic Linkage
The covalent bond between two monosaccharides that are formed through dehydration
Polysaccharides
Polymers made up of many monosaccharides bonded by glycosidic linkage which serves useful functions such as storage, building material, and hydrolyzable ability to make sugars.
Cellulose
A polysaccharide that makes up an important part of the tough plant cell walls
Lipid
Compounds that are hydrophobic and are mostly made up of hydrocarbon refions
Phospholipid
A type of lipid essential for cells’ survival because of its function as a cel membrane
Protein
Polypeptides that are formed into a distinct 3-D figure
Polypeptide
A group of polymers bonded into a chain the compose the amino acids.
Amino acid
Organic compounds made up of carboxyl and amino group
Denaturation
The reaction of the protein losing its natural shape or unraveling after a physical or chemical change in its environment resulting in an inactive protein.
