Chapter 5-6 test

Question 1

who was Johann Doberiener

Answer 1

first to discover that some elements had similar properties

he grouped these elements in sets of 3

Question 2

average mass of the three elements in a ___ equals the mass of the ___ element

Answer 2

triad

middle

Question 3

who was John Newlands

Answer 3

organized the elements in order of increasing mass

noticed that properties of the elements seem to repeat every eight elements

Question 4

what was the pattern called when every 8th element had the same properties as the 1st?

Answer 4

octaves

Question 5

who was Dmitri Mendeleev

Answer 5

he organized the first periodic table

Question 6

who was Henry Moseley

Answer 6

organized elements by atomic number

basis for present periodic table

Question 7

how many elements are on the periodic table

Answer 7

117

Question 8

what are groups also called

Answer 8

families

Question 9

groups are arranges in ___ and numbered from __ to __

Answer 9

columns from 1 to 18

Question 10

what is a period?

Answer 10

elements in a row

numbered by energy level

Question 11

what is the group and period of Xe?

Answer 11

g: 18
p: 5

Question 12

what is the group and period of Au?

Answer 12

g: 11
p: 6

Question 13

what are valence electrons?

Answer 13

electrons in the highest energy level of an atom

Question 14

why are valence electrons important?

Answer 14

they are the only electrons that can bond with another element to make compounds

Question 15

in what blocks can you know the amount of valence electrons?

Answer 15

s and p, d and f are undefined

Question 16

how many valence electrons does Ca have?

Answer 16

2

Question 17

how many valence electrons does Kr have?

Answer 17

8

Question 18

what block are the rare earth metals located

Answer 18

f block

Question 19

what block are the transition metals located

Answer 19

d block

Question 20

what are characteristics of metals

Answer 20

silver-gray 
high melting points
refelct light when polished
can be bent or hammered flat
conductors of heat and electricity

Question 21

what are characteristics of non-metals?

Answer 21

do not reflect light
poor conductors of heat and electricity
low melting points
brittle

Question 22

which two non metals are liquid at room temperature

Answer 22

bromine and mercury

Question 23

what is the most common type
metal?
non-metal?
mellatoids?

Answer 23

metal

Question 24

what is the periodic law

Answer 24

pattern that repeats throughout the periodic table

elements arranged in atomic number, physical and chemical properties show pattern

Question 25

what is a periodic trend

Answer 25

a predictable variation in a physical or chemical property of each element as you move throughout the periodic table

Question 26

what are the three main periodic trends

Answer 26

atomic radius
ionization energy
electronegativity

Question 27

what is atomic radius

Answer 27

the distance from the center of an atom’s nucleus to it outermost electron

Question 28

what does atomic radius tell us

Answer 28

how big the atom is

Question 29

what is ionization energy

Answer 29

the energy needed to pull an electron away from the atom

Question 30

what is the general rule about ionization energy

Answer 30

closer elctrons are to nucleus, harder they are to remove

if they are hard to remove, they take more energy so they have a higher ionization energy

Question 31

what is electronegativity

Answer 31

how much an atom wants to take an electron away from another atom